Effect of ion migration in electro-generated chemiluminescence depending on the luminophore types and operating conditions

Shin, Sangbaie; Park, Yun Sung; Cho, Sung-Hwan; You, Insang; Kang, In Seok; Moon, Hong Chul; Jeong, Unyong

doi:10.1039/c7sc03996d

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Figure c shows the dependence of luminance on the concentration of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ . The saturation of luminance was observed at 10 wt % of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ , which is in good agreement with other ion-gel-based ECL devices including Ru(bpy) 3 2+ . , In principle, electrical double layers are formed, and redox reactions occur near the electrodes when an external AC voltage is applied. Then, excited luminophores are produced by an electron-transfer between redox species (namely, Ru(bpy) 3 •1+ and Ru(bpy) 3 •3+ ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Star-Shaped Block Copolymers: Effective Polymer Gelators of High-Performance Gel Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

Hwang

Park

Kim

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Ion gels composed of copolymers and ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted great interest as polymer gel electrolytes for various electrochemical applications. Here, we present highly robust ion gels based on a six-arm star-shaped block copolymer of (poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polystyrene) 6 ((MS) 6 ) and an ionic liquid of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([EMI][TFSI]). Compared to typical ion gels based on linear polystyrene-bpoly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polystyrene (SMS), the (MS) 6based gels show mechanical moduli of more than twice under various strains (e.g., stretching, compression, and shear). In addition, the outstanding mechanical property is maintained even up to 180 °C without a gel−sol transition. To demonstrate that (MS) 6 -based ion gels can serve as effective gel electrolytes for electrochemical applications, tris(2,2′bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy) 3 2+ ), a representative electrochemiluminescent (ECL) luminophore, is incorporated into the gels. In particular, flexible ECL devices based on (MS) 6 gels exhibit high durability against bending deformation compared to devices with gels based on linear SMS having a similar molecular weight and a composition. This result implies that star-shaped block copolymers are effective gelators for achieving flexible/wearable electrochemical electronics.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Star-Shaped Block Copolymers: Effective Polymer Gelators of High-Performance Gel Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

Hwang

Park

Kim

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Figure a illustrates dual-output emissive ECL ionoskins that show detection results through not only electrical signal (see Figure ) but also ECL intensity. The light emission from the sensory device appeared as a series of ECL annihilation reactions (eqs –) − occurred after the bulk resistance of porous ECL ion gels was decreased under external pressure. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Ion Gel: A Versatile Ionotronic Sensory Platform for High-Performance, Wearable Ionoskins with Electrical and Optical Dual Output

2021

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The development of elastic ionic conductors offers opportunities to fabricate key wearable ionic components such as ionoskins that can perceive mechanical deformation. However, there is still plenty of room to overcome the trade-off between sensitivity and detectable range of previous systems and impart additional functionality. Here, we propose porous ion gels for high-performance, functional ionic sensory platforms. The porous ion gels can be effectively deformed by closing pores even with a small pressure, and a large change in the contact area of the gel and the electrode is induced, leading to a significant difference in electrical doublelayer capacitance. The porous ion gels are applied to ionoskins after optimizing mechanical characteristics by adjusting gel parameters. The device indicates a high sensitivity of ∼152.8 kPa −1 , a broad sensory pressure range (up to 400 kPa), and excellent durability (>6000 cycles). Successful monitoring of various human motions that induce different magnitudes of pressure is demonstrated with high precision. More interestingly, the functionality of the porous ion gel is extended to include electrochemiluminescence (ECL), resulting in the production of emissive ECL ionoskins. The ECL intensity from the emissive ionoskin is linearly correlated with the applied pressure, which can even be inferred even by the naked eye. The porous ion gel-based functional ionoskins are expected to be key components in future sensory ionotronics.

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“…Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is the process whereby electrogenerated species undergo chemical reaction to form excited state that emits light . ECL is widely used not only in clinical and environmental detection and display filed, but also as an effective tool to analyze the surface state of nanomaterials . Our previous works demonstrate that the ECL intensity and stability of g‐CN nanosheets (CNNS) film is highly dependent on the electron transport efficiency of the film .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemiluminescence for Characterizing the Polymerization Process during Graphitic Carbon Nitride Synthesis

et al. 2019

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The physicochemical properties and application performances of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐CN) are highly dependent on its polymerization degree, thus a facile method for screening the polymerization degree is highly desired. Here, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is creatively employed as an effective tool to achieve this goal. Extension of π‐system and change in pedant groups during g‐CN polymerization process are characterized by g‐CN nanosheets/dissolved oxygen (CNNS/O2) and Ru(bpy)32+/CNNS co‐reactant ECL systems, respectively. Linear intensity enhancement along with positive shift in the onset and peak potentials of cathodic CNNS/O2 ECL, as well as linear intensity decreasing in anodic Ru(bpy)32+/CNNS ECL, are observed during polymerization of dicyandiamide to g‐CN, suggesting the feasibility of ECL on studying the polymerization degree. The ECL method would provide a promising prospect for novel properties exploration and application performances optimization of g‐CN.

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Effect of ion migration in electro-generated chemiluminescence depending on the luminophore types and operating conditions

Abstract: The working mechanisms of gel-based electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) devices were revealed using systematic experiments and simulations.

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Star-Shaped Block Copolymers: Effective Polymer Gelators of High-Performance Gel Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

Star-Shaped Block Copolymers: Effective Polymer Gelators of High-Performance Gel Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

Porous Ion Gel: A Versatile Ionotronic Sensory Platform for High-Performance, Wearable Ionoskins with Electrical and Optical Dual Output

Electrochemiluminescence for Characterizing the Polymerization Process during Graphitic Carbon Nitride Synthesis

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