Effect of Intravenous Prostaglandin F2α on Small Intestinal Function in Man

Cummings, J. H.; Newman, Arthur J.; Misiewicz, J. J.; Milton-Thompson, G J; Billings, J. A.

doi:10.1038/243169a0

Cited by 78 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This probably explains the reduction of nerve-mediated relaxations (both were restored by 5-HT), the enhanced contractions to ACh (Bennett & Stockley, 1975) Milton-Thompson & Billings (1973) found that intravenous prostaglandin F2a in man inhibited intraluminal pressure changes; perhaps it caused a maintained increase in muscle tone but increased the baseline intraluminal pressure only transiently because the intestine is an open tube. Superimposed pressure waves would therefore be smaller.…”

Section: Longitudinal Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

The Contribution of Prostaglandins in the Muscle of Human Isolated Small Intestine to Neurogenic Responses

Bennett¹,

Stockley

1977

British J Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In strips cut parallel to the longitudinal or circular muscle, indomethacin (2‐10 μg/ml) usually lowered the tone, thus probably accounting for the reduction of nerve‐mediated relaxations to electrical field stimulation. In longitudinal muscle strips, indomethacin enhanced contractions which occurred during electrical stimulation, probably because tone fell, but antagonized after‐contractions. By contrast, in the circular muscle indomethacin reduced initial contractions but enhanced after‐contractions. Prostaglandin E2 counteracted all of the effects of indomethacin in the longitudinal muscle and most of those in the circular muscle; prostaglandin F2α restored circular muscle tone. The results suggest that prostaglandins affect the muscle directly and contribute to the regulation of tone. They may also mediate non‐cholinergic contraction in longitudinal muscle and suppress contractility in the circular muscle.

show abstract

Section: Longitudinal Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

The Contribution of Prostaglandins in the Muscle of Human Isolated Small Intestine to Neurogenic Responses

Bennett¹,

Stockley

1977

British J Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4, addition of VIP (2 Pg/ml) to the serosal bathing solution produced a 62 sA/cm' increase in SCC, which was almost identical in magnitude to that produced by addition of theophylline to another chamber (64 IA/cm'). (41)(42)(43), gastrin (7,41,44,45), glucagon (7,37), the combination of gastrin and glucagon (38,42), cholecystokinin (41,46), GIP (7), VIP (7), prostaglandins (14,17,(26)(27)(28)(29), thyrocalcitonin (47), Pitressin (48), and acetylcholine (49)(50)(51). Only in the case of the prostaglandins has the mechanism underlying the secretory response been previously elucidated, and in this instance, stimulation of adenylate cyclase with a re- As is the case with the small intestinal mucosa, it is likely that the effects of VIP on the liver and adipose tissue, and perhaps on the pancreas and heart, are cyclic AMP mediated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, there is now good reason to believe that the diarrhea seen in cholera (18), in association with the administration of prostaglandins (19)(20)(21) or in patients with certain prostaglandin-secreting tumors (22,23), is due to cyclic AMPmediated stimulation of water and electrolyte secretion, inhibition of active absorption thus unmasking an active secretory process, or some combination of both events (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). In view of the known effects of VIP on small intestinal secretion (7), its recent implication as a potential secretagogue in the pancreatic cholera syndrome (8), and the recent demonstration that this peptide can stimulate adenylate cyclase activity in liver (30) and in fat cell membranes (30, 31), the present studies were undertaken to examine the effects of VIP and certain other hormones on intestinal cyclic AMP metabolism and ion transport in isolated rabbit and dog ileum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Stimulation of Adenylate Cyclase and Active Electrolyte Secretion in Intestinal Mucosa

Schwartz¹,

Kimberg²,

Sheerin³

et al. 1974

J. Clin. Invest.

369

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C T Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), originally isolated from hog small intestinal mucosa, has been shown to cause small intestinal secretion. More recently, this peptide has been identified in the plasma and tumors of patients with the so-called "pancreatic cholera" syndrome. In order to explore the possible role of VIP in the pathogenesis of this syndrome, we examined the effects of this peptide and other hormones on the cyclic AMP levels, adenylate cyclase activity, and ion transport in in vitro preparations of ileal mucosa. In rabbit ileal mucosa, VIP (20 usg/ml) caused a prompt fivefold increase in cyclic AMP level, whereas nine other hormones, which have been postulated to cause intestinal secretion, failed to exert such an effect. Pentagastrin and glucagon also failed to increase cyclic AMP levels in canine ileal mucosa. An increase in mucosal cyclic AMP levels was observed at a VIP concentration of 0.1 4g/ml and appeared to be nearly maximal at 2.0 Ag/ml. VIP (100 sg/ml) stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in a membrane preparation from rabbit ileal mucosa. Secretin (6.0 X 10-M) failed to do so. When added to the serosal side of isolated rabbit ileal mucosa clamped in an Ussing chamber, VIP (2 ug/ml) increased short-circuit current (SCC) and caused net secretion of both C1 and Na. Net Cl secretion exceeded net Na secretion. These effects of VIP on mucosal cyclic AMP metabolism and ion transport are similar to those observed with cholera enterotoxin and certain prostaglandins. VIP was also tested with normal human Dr. Kimberg is the recipient of a Research Career Development Award, AM-19377.

show abstract

“…Diarrhea is a recognized adverse effect of PGs administered to pregnant women. Diarrhea has also been observed in volunteers who were treated with PGEl (8), PGE2 (9), and PGF,, (10). Experiments utilizing animal models have demonstrated enteropooling of fluid in response to treatment with PGE, (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Rise of Prostanoids in Rat Small Intestinal Mucosa following Intestinal Protein Hypersensitivity

et al. 1987

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACI'. The purpose of the present study was to establish whether there is an elevated prostaglandin concentration in the intestinal mucosa in rats suffering from an immediate type hypersensitivity reaction. Rats of the Hooded-Lister strain were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin. Control rats were given adjuvant only. Prostanoid content of scraped mucosa was determined by radioimmunoassay. It was found that the prostaglandin Ez content in the sensitized intestine was significantly elevated as compared to the controls. There was no significant rise of 6-keto prostaglandin F, or thromboxane E2 in the sensi- The gastrointestinal manifestations of food hypersensitivity are similar to the effects elicited by administration of exogenous prostanoids (I). The possibility exists therefore, that prostanoids are involved in the symptomatology of immediate type hypersensitivity reactions in the intestine. In order to test this hypothesis, we used rats sensitized with ovalbumin, and subsequently challenged with this protein. We have previously shown that in these sensitized animals an immediate allergic type reaction in the small intestine can be developed upon challenge with ovalbumin (2). Herein we were able to show that the prostanoid content of such a challenged mucosa is raised. MATERIALS AND METHODSSensitization and challenge. Rats of Hooded-Lister strain were used. Their weight ranged between 150 and 180 g. Nineteen rats were sensitized by an intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin 250 lg/0.5 ml with adjuvant consisting of killed Bordetella pertussis (1.6 x 1070.5 ml). On the 14th day a booster injection of ovalbumin (2.5 pg10.5 ml) was given intraperitoneally. In our experience this method of sensitization has always resulted in a positive passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction (2). The challenge procedure was based on that described by Byars and Ferraresi (3). On the 19th day the rats were challenged with 25 mg ovalbumin intragastrically (Sigma Chemical Co.) after an overnight fast. Forty-five min after the ovalbumin challenge, the rats were anesthetized with ether and then sacrificed. The first 5 cm of intestine immediately distal to the pylorus were removed, rinsed with ice-cold saline, and the mucosa was scraped and stored at 70" C for PGs determination. The control group consisted of 17 rats which were injected only with the adjuvant 19 days before challenge. They were challenged as the sensitized group.Prostanoid determination, The tissue was sonicated in 1.0 ml of ice-cold 50 mM Tris-HC1 buffer, pH 7.0, containing 0.02 M EDTA. The homogenate was centrifuged and the supernatant was extracted twice with 2 vol of ether. The aqueous phases were assayed for their PG content.PGE2 was determined by radioimmunoassay as described byBauminger et al. (4). TXB,, the stable metabolite of TXA,, and 6-keto PGFI,, the stable metabolite of prostacyclin, were determined by radioimmunoassay as previously described in detail (5). The protein concentration was determined by the method of Lowry d al. (6). Statistical eva...

show abstract

Effect of Intravenous Prostaglandin F2α on Small Intestinal Function in Man

Cited by 78 publications

References 13 publications

The Contribution of Prostaglandins in the Muscle of Human Isolated Small Intestine to Neurogenic Responses

The Contribution of Prostaglandins in the Muscle of Human Isolated Small Intestine to Neurogenic Responses

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Stimulation of Adenylate Cyclase and Active Electrolyte Secretion in Intestinal Mucosa

Rise of Prostanoids in Rat Small Intestinal Mucosa following Intestinal Protein Hypersensitivity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About