Effect of intrauterine dextrose on reproductive performance of lactating dairy cows diagnosed with purulent vaginal discharge under certified organic management

Abstract

The objectives of the study were to assess responses to treatments (clinical cure and resumption of estrous cycles) of cows with purulent vaginal discharge (PVD) that received intrauterine infusion of a hypertonic solution of 50% dextrose (DEX) or untreated control (CON) cows and the subsequent pregnancy per artificial insemination (PAI) in cows with and without PVD. Cows (n=2,852) from 2 dairy herds were screened for PVD using the gloved hand technique at exam 1 [26±3 d in milk (DIM)]. Cows with vaginal discharge scores of 2 or 3 (0-3 scale) were stratified by parity and randomly allocated into 1 of 2 treatment groups: (1) intrauterine infusion (~200 mL) of 50% DEX solution (n=456), or (2) untreated control animals (CON, n=491). Fourteen days posttherapy (40±3 DIM), cows with PVD were re-examined at exam 2 (40±3 DIM) to assess the response to treatments. All cows were subjected to the same reproductive program, which consisted of estrus detection twice daily (using tail chalking and visual observation) for the first 5 artificial inseminations; then, open lactating cows were turned out with bulls. Cows displaying signs of standing estrus underwent AI and no reproductive hormones were used. Pregnancy diagnosis (PD) was performed via transrectal palpation at 40±3 d post-AI. The risk of culling within 14 d posttherapy was not different among treatment groups. Cows with PVD had greater cervical diameter at exam 1 and decreased PAI compared with cows without PVD. Treatment with DEX increased the proportion of cows with clear vaginal discharge (clinical cure) and cyclicity 14 d posttherapy compared with CON cows. Pregnancy per AI for DEX (29.2±2%) cows was significantly greater than that for CON (22.5±2%) cows. Cows without PVD had a greater proportion of cycling cows (65.6%) and PAI (37%) with reduced pregnancy losses (5.7%) compared with DEX or CON cows. The use of intrauterine DEX alone improved reproductive performance of cows with PVD.

Effects of hypertonic dextrose and paraffin solution as non‐antibiotic treatments of clinical endometritis on reproductive performance of high producing dairy cows

“…Furthermore, Brick et al () drew a comparison between intrauterine dextrose and subcutaneous ceftiofur crystalline, which does not seem to be the proper method for treating CE. Maquivar, Barragan, Velez, Bothe, and Schuenemann () demonstrated that, in contrast to untreated control cows, treatment with 50% dextrose increased the proportion of cows with clear vaginal discharge (clinical cure) and cyclicity 14 days post‐treatment in CE cows. Additionally, pregnancy per AI for dextrose group (29.2%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (22.5%), a difference that seems logical given the control did not receive any treatment (Maquivar et al, ).…”

“…Maquivar, Barragan, Velez, Bothe, and Schuenemann () demonstrated that, in contrast to untreated control cows, treatment with 50% dextrose increased the proportion of cows with clear vaginal discharge (clinical cure) and cyclicity 14 days post‐treatment in CE cows. Additionally, pregnancy per AI for dextrose group (29.2%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (22.5%), a difference that seems logical given the control did not receive any treatment (Maquivar et al, ). Machado et al () concluded that intrauterine infusion of 50% dextrose solution is not a good approach for treating CE and has no influence on first service conception rate, pregnancy maintenance and calving to conception interval (Machado et al, ).…”

“…In DEX group, except for the first service conception rate and pregnancy rate < 100 days, in other reproductive indices the odds ratio was close to that of the control group (healthy cows). Brick et al (2012) 5%), a difference that seems logical given the control did not receive any treatment (Maquivar et al, 2015). Machado et al (2015) concluded that intrauterine infusion of 50% dextrose solution is not a good approach for treating CE and has no influence on first service conception rate, pregnancy maintenance and calving to conception interval (Machado et al, 2015).…”

Uterine inflammation affects the reproductive performance of dairy cows: A review

“…The number of ovarian follicles in healthy cows was shown to be greater than in cows with PVD. Additionally, healthy cows had a lower incidence of cystic follicles (Maquivar et al, 2015). Tsousis et al (2009) also had found a greater incidence of ovarian cysts in cows with clinical endometritis diagnosed from 14 to 42 DIM.…”

“…Pregnancies per artificial insemination were greater in healthy cows than cows with PVD. The purulent vaginal discharge was associated with more pregnancy losses (Maquivar et al, 2015). In beef cows, based on the percentage of PMN from uterine lavage between days 28 to 68 post-partum, SCE caused a 40-days delay to conception compared with healthy cows .…”