The
magnetizable and active particles in the magnetically stabilized
bed (MSB) should be regenerated in time to ensure the continuous treatment
of the influent gas. We proposed solving this problem by integrating
the MSB with the dual-dense gas–solid circulating fluidization
technique. In this case, laws governing the discharge of magnetizable
particles from the MSB through the side opening should be mastered.
The discharging behavior of packed iron particles through the side
orifice was first explored. The mass discharge rate (q) was constant over time and increased as the orifice size or particle
size increased. The angle of repose (β) at the end of the discharge
decreased with increasing orifice size or particle size. Smaller particles
usually had greater inherent interparticle forces and poorer flowability.
After the axial uniform and steady magnetic field was exerted, q decreased, whereas β increased as the field intensity
(H) increased. Both variations became steeper at
higher values of H. The magnetic field induced additional
interparticle forces and decreased the flowability of the magnetizable
particles. After H exceeded a certain value, the
packed iron particles were magnetically frozen and ceased to flow
out of the orifice. Under the action of the magnetic field, the discharge
of packed magnetizable particles through the side orifice could also
be predicted by the well-known Beverloo equation; the effect of H could be well-reflected by k embedded
therein. k was demonstrated to be more comprehensive
than various repose angles in characterizing the flowability of packed
particles through orifices.