Effect of insulin-mimetic vanadyl sulfate on cytochrome P450 2E1-dependent p-nitrophenol hydroxylation in the liver microsomes of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats

Neuroprotective Effects of Red Ginseng Saponins in Scopolamine-Treated Rats and Activity Screening Based on Pharmacokinetics

“…However, it should be noted that the enzyme activity and membrane transporter capacity under pathological condition are significantly different from that under normal condition. Therefore, the pharmacokinetic behaviors of drugs under pathological condition may be changed [23,24,25]. Therefore, we examined the effect of red ginseng saponins (RGS) on oxidative stress status in the brain of scopolamine-treated rats.…”

A new electrochemical sensor for OH radicals detection

“…Aromatic compounds, such as salicylic acid and phenylalanine, are widely used to this aim, since their reactions with OH radicals, termed aromatic hydroxylations, display very high kinetic constants [17]. The quantitative determination is performed following either the degradation of the probe or the formation of characteristic products that can be easily detected with a lot of analytical techniques like EPR [18,19], high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED) [20,21], capillary electrophoresis (EC) [22], gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [23], chemiluminescence [24], and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) [25]. The concentration of a characteristic product is expressed by the following equation:…”

Comparative pharmacokinetics of four active components on normal and diabetic rats after oral administration of Gandi capsules

“…Most of the existing pharmacokinetic data of traditional Chinese medicine came from studies with healthy animals or healthy human subjects. Unfortunately, under pathological conditions such as diabetes, enzyme activity and membrane transporter capacity are oen altered from the normal conditions, 24,25 leading to changes in the pharmacokinetic and metabolic behaviors of drugs. For example, Zeng et al reported that compared to normal rats, maximum concentration (C max ) and area under the curve (AUC 0-10 h ) values of oral arctigenin in diabetic rats increased by 356.8% and 223.4%, respectively.…”