Effect of instantaneous shut-in on well bore integrity and safety of gas wells

Zhi, Zhang; Wang, Jiawei; Luo, Ming; Li, Yanjun; Zhang, Wandong; Wu, Jiang-hai; Li, Wentuo

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107323

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…During exploitation of high-temperature, high-pressure and high-production gas wells, fluid flow rate in tubing string is high. In addition to well opening and shut-in conditions (Han et al, 2012;Jin et al, 2011), the different geological conditions of different regions will affect the production of gas well (Zhang et al, 2020a). If the fluid flow rate in tubing string changes significantly for certain factors and results in momentum conversion in these conditions, violent pressure fluctuations will be caused in tubing string (Li et al, 2013).…”

Section: Symbol Annotationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the influence of production fluctuation of high-production gas well on service security of tubing string

Zhi

Wang

Li³

et al. 2021

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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The production of high temperature and high pressure gas wells fluctuates with time, which makes the pressure in the string fluctuate obviously and affects the service security of tubing string. In this paper, a pressure fluctuation model of the complete production process (including well opening, production and shut-in) is established, which is suitable for the multiphase flow of gas well. The pressure fluctuation in the tubing string is simulated. Influence of different well depth and average production on the fluctuating pressure of gas well are analyzed. According to the research results, if the well opening time top is 50 s, a transient pressure fluctuation is generated at wellhead and drops gradually. After the production starts, a pressure fluctuation will occur at wellhead 10~15 s after top, which is small and attenuates quickly. Pressure increases quickly in the shut-in moment and reaches the peak at tsh. Although pressure increases gradually with the well depth, fluctuation flattens out. The hysteresis phenomenon in appearance of pressure wave becomes more and more obvious with the well depth. The greater the production of gas well, the greater the pressure fluctuation in tubing string during well opening and production, but the value may not be very high. During well shut-in, the greater the production, the greater the pressure fluctuation and the value. Amplitude, angular frequency and value of phase are in direct proportion to pressure fluctuation degree and valve radix is in inverse proportion to pressure, which means that the greater the valve radix, the smaller the pressure.

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Section: Symbol Annotationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the influence of production fluctuation of high-production gas well on service security of tubing string

Zhi

Wang

Li³

et al. 2021

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

Self Cite

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“…Focused studies then noted that the key pathways were potential flaws in the casing and cement sheathing due to the quality of well completion and their routine failure during their service lives [5,16]. However, recent observations indicate that largely routine incidents (mainly sand screen-out) during fracturing also affect well integrity [19][20][21]. Sand screen-out often causes a sudden pressure jump that may exceed the capacity of the wellbore or wellhead equipment, which may deform the casing and compromise wellbore integrity [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sand screen-out often causes a sudden pressure jump that may exceed the capacity of the wellbore or wellhead equipment, which may deform the casing and compromise wellbore integrity [21]. An emergency pump-rate shut-down is usually performed to relieve the building pressure, which, in turn, may cause severe vibration and damage to the casing and cement annulus due to water-hammer effects [19,20]. These mechanical processes are graphically represented in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Pump-Rate Regulation to Mitigate Water-Hammer Effect—An Integrated Data-Driven Strategy and Case Studies

Hou,

Gong,

Sun

et al. 2024

Energies

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Pump-rate regulation is frequently used during hydraulic fracturing operations in order to maintain the pressure within a safe range. An emergency pump-rate reduction or pump shutdown is usually applied under the condition of sand screen-out when advancing hydraulic fractures are blocked by injected proppant and develop wellhead overpressure. The drastic regulation of the pump rate induces water-hammer effects—hydraulic shocks—on the wellbore due to the impulsive pressure. This wellbore shock damages the well integrity and then increases the risk of material leakage into water resources or the atmosphere, depending on the magnitude of the impulsive pressure. Therefore, appropriate emergency pump-rate regulation can both secure the fracturing operation and enhance well-completion integrity for environmental requirements—a rare mutual benefit to both sides of the argument. Previous studies have revealed the tube vibration, severe stress concentration, and sand production induced by water-hammer effects in high-pressure wells during oil/gas production. However, the water-hammer effect, the induced impulsive pressures, and the mitigation measures are rarely reported for hydraulic fracturing injections. In this study, we present a data-driven workflow integrating real-time monitoring and regulation strategies, which is applied in four field cases under the emergency operation condition (screen-out or near screen-out). A stepwise pump-rate regulation strategy was deployed in the first three cases. The corresponding maximum impulsive pressure fell in the range of 3.7~7.4 MPa. Furthermore, a sand screen-out case, using a more radical regulation strategy, induced an impulsive pressure 2 or 3 times higher (~14.7 MPa) than the other three cases. Compared with the traditional method of sharp pump-rate regulation in fields, stepwise pump-rate regulation is recommended to constrain the water-hammer effect based on the evolution of impulsive pressures, which can be an essential operational strategy to secure hydraulic fracturing and well integrity, especially for fracturing geologically unstable formations (for instance, formations near faults).

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Research on Pipe String Failure Based on Fluid–Structure Coupling Vibration of Pipe String During Instantaneous Shut-in

Li,

Huang,

Feng

et al. 2024

J Fail. Anal. and Preven.

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Effect of instantaneous shut-in on well bore integrity and safety of gas wells

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Research on the influence of production fluctuation of high-production gas well on service security of tubing string

Research on the influence of production fluctuation of high-production gas well on service security of tubing string

Emergency Pump-Rate Regulation to Mitigate Water-Hammer Effect—An Integrated Data-Driven Strategy and Case Studies

Research on Pipe String Failure Based on Fluid–Structure Coupling Vibration of Pipe String During Instantaneous Shut-in

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