Effect of injection site on the bioavailability of an oxytetracycline formulation in ruminant calves

Abstract

SUMMARY The oxytetracycline (OTC) disposition was studied in a group of six calvesfollowing the administration of an oxytetracycline-10 per cent formulation (i) intravenously (i.v.), (ii) subcutaneously (s.c.) in the lateral neck, and intramuscularly (i.m.) in (iii) the lateral neck, (iv) the shoulder (M. triceps brachii), and (v) the buttock (M. semitendineus). The dose levels used for the intravenous route and other routes were respectively 17.0 ± 2.3 and 18.3 ± 1.25 mg OTC/ kg. The peak OTC concentrations (Cmax) were achieved with the s.c. and i.m. routes between 4 and 8 hours after injection, the highest being found after application in the shoulder (Cmax:6.9 ± 0.82Ag ml plasma). The Cmax for the s.c. and other i. m. routes of application was similar to each other, ranging from 5.0 to 5.5 mg/ ml plasma.

Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of oxytetracycline for the calf pathogensMannheimia haemolyticaandPasteurella multocida

“…The serum concentration–time profile of oxytetracycline, using a high strength depot formulation, was similar to those reported in earlier studies with the same dosage of 20 mg/kg administered intramuscularly (Brentnall et al., ; Davey, Ferber, & Kaye, ; El Korchi, Prats, Arboix, & Perez, ; Mestorino, Marino Hernandez, Marchetti, & Errecalde, ; Nouws & Vree, ; Toutain & Raynaud, ). Toutain and Raynaud () reported that oxytetracycline absorption occurred in two phases: the first was rapid and the second slower phase led to a flip‐flop PK profile.…”

Pharmacokinetics of long‐acting oxytetracycline in fallow deer (Dama dama)

“…In this trial, conducted on 30 calves, adverse reactions were limited to one case of anaphylaxis and two cases of injection site swellings. However, reduced bioavailability and prolonged plasma concentrations from tissue irritation can be seen in intramuscular injections in the hindquarters of calves (Nouws & Vree, 1983;Nouws et al, 1990). so increasing the dose may not be a viable option in fallow deer.…”

Evaluation of Bioequivalence of Two Long-Acting 20% Oxytetracycline Formulations in Pigs

“…and Gram-negative ( Escherichia coli ) infections in animals (1–3). OTC is a tetracycline derivative produced by Streptomyces rimosus (4, 5).…”