Effect of Initial Pitching Angle on Helicopter Ditching Characteristics Using Smoothed-Particle-Hydrodynamics Method

Numerical Study of Wave Effect on Aircraft Water-Landing Performance

“…Various numerical results in the field of aircraft calm water-landing/ditching have been published through Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method [13][14][15][16][17], the messless Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method [15][16][17][18][19][20] and Finite Volume Method (FVM) [4,[21][22][23][24]. Early studies were mainly focused on the feasibility of the ALE and SPH approaches.…”

“…[15][16][17] is that the ALE technique is an efficient formulation for both vertical impact and landing simulations, but difficult to accurately capture airwater-structure interface, the SPH method provides accurate results of ditching simulation due to free mesh strategy and high-resolution water spray but may suffers from huge computational cost. Recently, Xiao et al [18] developed an in-house SPH code and successfully applied it to predict calm water ditching process of capsule [19] and helicopter [20]. The influences of the initial pitch angle on overload, kinematic dynamics and pressure distribution were detailed.…”

On applicability of von Karman's momentum theory in predicting the water entry load of V-shaped structures with varying initial velocity

“…Similar to the water landing scenarios of amphibian aircraft, ditching events of conventional aircrafts show the same fluid dynamics phenomena, and have been numerically studied widely. The effects of initial pitching angle and velocity (Xiao et al, 2021b;Guo et al, 2013;Qu et al, 2016;Zheng et al, 2021), fluid-structure interaction (Hughes et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2020), wave conditions (Woodgate et al, 2019;Xiao et al, 2021a) and various numerical strategies (Bisagni and Pigazzini, 2017;Siemann and Langrand, 2017;Xiao et al, 2017) on the kinematic characteristics and fluid dynamics phenomena have attracted most of the attention. The vertical acceleration, and its peak value in particular, is even more relevant than other kinematic characteristics as it may be responsible for possible comfort and safety problems occur on crew members, besides, of course, the effects in terms of structural integrity of the fuselage once it strikes the water (Neuberg and Drimer, 2017).…”