Effect of Inhalation of Aroma of Geranium Essence on Anxiety and Physiological Parameters during First Stage of Labor in Nulliparous Women: a Randomized Clinical Trial

Fakari, Fahimeh Rashidi; Tabatabaeichehr, Mahbubeh; Kamali, Hossian; Fakari, Farzaneh Rashidi; Naseri, Maryam

doi:10.15171/jcs.2015.014

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…We screened 254 titles and abstracts (Fig. 1), and identified six individual RCTs from six reports [18,19,22,[25][26][27] and four quasi-RCTs from five reports [17,20,21,23,24] for inclusion in the final review. We excluded the trials with massage and bathing as these have other effects.…”

Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 provides details of the included studies involving 1238 pregnant women at labor onset [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Eight trials included only nulliparous women (81.0%) [17,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], one trial did not report parity (8.9%) [18], and one trial showed the mean ± SD of the numbers of parity 1.31 ± 0.72 for the intervention group and 1.22 ± 0.91 for the control group (9.6%) [19]. All of the trials recruited participants with singleton pregnancy and full-term pregnancy, and did not report existing medical conditions.…”

Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most trials recruited predominantly adults (18-35 years old) with cephalic presentation and 3-4 cm cervical dilatation. Nine trials were undertaken in Iran [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]27] and only one was conducted in Thailand [26]. All of the trial settings were at hospitals.…”

Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One trial reported the pain score changes from baseline therefore we performed GIVM for the meta-analysis [26]. In three studies, Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to determine the level of anxiety of the participants [18,23,25]. STAI questionnaires consist of 40 questions in which the scores ranged from 20 to 80.…”

Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher scores indicate greater anxiety [30]. The reliability of STAI has a Cronbach's alpha of 0.90 [25]. One study used the Visual 7 Analog Scale for Anxiety (VASA) [22].…”

Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review of the effectiveness of aromatherapy in labor

Suzuki

Kato²,

Shinozaki

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Clinical practice with aromatherapy has become an expanding area for nursing, and is considered one of the most popularly used complementary treatments. However, there is insufficient evidence about the benefits of aromatherapy for pain management and other related discomforts in labor. We aimed to evaluate the effects of aromatherapy for women during delivery particularly for pain relief. Methods AMED, ClinicalTrials.Gov, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and WHO ICTRP were searched in August 2017. For updates, these databases were searched from July 2017 to July 2018. This study included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs for normal pregnancy women who were experiencing labor onset, and compared aromatherapy with standard care or control. Results Six RCTs from six reports, and four quasi-RCTs from five reports were included (1238 pregnant women). The trials found significant difference between groups for the primary outcomes of pain relief on the latent (MD -1.56, 95%CI: -2.45 to -0.67, low certainty of evidence) and early active phase (MD -1.69, 95%CI: -2.50 to -0.89, low certainty of evidence). However, there were no significant differences for the primary outcomes of pain relief on the late active phase, and anxiety relief on the early and late active phases. Conclusions This meta-analysis found evidence that the use of inhalation aromatherapy for term pregnancy women is associated with reduction of labor pain. However, there is insufficient evidence to confirm pain relief on the late active phase, anxiety relief, and other outcomes following aromatherapy. Trial registration We registered the study protocol with PROSPERO (CRD42017077617).

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Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher scores indicate greater anxiety [30]. The reliability of STAI has a Cronbach's alpha of 0.90 [25]. One study used the Visual 7 Analog Scale for Anxiety (VASA) [22].…”

Section: Trial Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Systematic review of the effectiveness of aromatherapy in labor

Suzuki

Kato²,

Shinozaki

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Effects of essential oils on central nervous system: Focus on mental health

Lizarraga-Valderrama

2020

Phytotherapy Research

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Essential oils have been used as remedies since ancient times for the treatment of numerous illnesses on account of their wide range of biological activities. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown varying pharmacological responses in the nervous system leading to anxiolytic, antidepressant, sedative, and anticonvulsant effects. Experimentation in animal models has evidenced the involvement of multiple neurotransmitter systems in the mode of action of essential oils, resulting in measurable physiological effects in the brain. Additionally, clinical trials have demonstrated the influence of essential oils in physiological parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, brain waves composition, and cortisol serum levels with concomitant psychological effects. Although there is growing evidence of measurable effects of essential oils in animal brains, more clinical research is required to validate their influence in the human central nervous system. This will enable the development of essential oil‐based drugs for the treatment of mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety and dementia.

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