Effect of Infant Age on Aminopyrine Breath Test Results

Shulman, Robert J.; Irving, Charles S.; Boutton, Thomas W.; Wong, William W.; Nichols, Buford L.; Klein, Peter

doi:10.1203/00006450-198505000-00007

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The maturation of activity measured in vitro correlates with drug elimination in vivo (25). Some infants 14 to 19 wk of age had rates of elimination similar to those measured in adults (26). These data suggest that the P450 system undergoes maturational changes in activity (28).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Maturation of Caffeine N-Demethylation in Infancy: A Study Using the 13CO2 Breath Test

et al. 1988

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Four premature neonates and eight infants 1-19 months old received caffeine for apnea. The usual morning oral dose was substituted by 1,3,7 I3C-trimethylxanthine (13C-tri CAF) as the citrate salt. Five breath samples were collected the day before (day 1) and the day of 13C-tri CAF administration (day 2). Plasma (after each breath collection) and urine were collected on day 2. 13C-C02 exhalation was determined by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Caffeine and its metabolites were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Assessment of the labeled C 0 2 in the breath revealed no detectable I3C-tri CAF N-demethylation activity in infants before 45 wk postconceptional age. However, demethylation (as urinary metabolites) has been detected before that age. Two-, 4-, and 6-h cumulative excretion of 13C-tri CAF as 13C-C02 increased with postnatal age and correlated with caffeine plasma clearance (r = 0.840, p c 0.01). These results were consistent with those obtained for urinary metabolites. In one infant (19 months old) the cumulative excretion of I3C-C02 while crying was 65% of the value observed during quiet breathing. The measurement of caffeine demethylation using the caffeine C 0 2 breath test is feasible in infants and is a safe and noninvasive method to determine age related changes in P450I-dependent N-demethylase activity. (Pediatr Res 23: 632-636, 1988)

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Using the aminopyrine breath test that monitors the phenobarbital-inducible isoenzymes of P450, age-related changes in aminopyrine demethylase activity have been demonstrated in rats (25), in 1-to 38-wk-old infants (26) and in older children (27). The maturation of activity measured in vitro correlates with drug elimination in vivo (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturation of Caffeine N-Demethylation in Infancy: A Study Using the 13CO2 Breath Test

et al. 1988

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The CBT has been shown to correlate closely with caffeine clearance in healthy smoking and nonsmoking adults and in adults with hepatic dys function [17,22,26]. Similar direct comparisons between the CBT and caffeine clearance have not been done in the same infants and children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Recently, however, isotopically labeled CO2 breath tests have been developed to measure human P-450 activity. Of the isotopically labeled CO2 breath tests, the aminopyrine breath test (ABT) has been most frequently used in studies to monitor phenobarbital-induced forms of cytochrome P-450 in animals and human adults [16] and infants [17]. Unfortunately aminopyrine and its analogs have caused rare select toxicities in humans, including agranulocytosis [ 18] and generalized edema [19], which may limit the use of the aminopyrine breath test in nontherapeutic pediatric research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Age, Gender, and Sexual Maturation on the Caffeine Breath Test

et al. 1986

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing the (3-13C-methyl) caffeine breath test (CBT) in children and adolescents, and examined the effect of gender, age, and puberty on the CBT. The CBT, expressed as the 2-hour accumulative exhalation of labeled CO(2) (2-hour CO(2)), was compared to the CBT results in the adult. The 2-hour CO(2) values were higher in the children than the adult, and the decrease in the CO(2) values occurred in males during late puberty and in females during early puberty.

show abstract

“…children [10,24], However, the déméthyl ation of aminopyrine is known not to be cytochrome P450 IA1 dependent. Therefore, aminopyrine is an inappropriate substrate for investigating possible inductive effects by pollutants such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD).…”

Section: Formation Of I4cc>2 From Methacetin or Phenacetinmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO(2) Breath Tests Using 14C-Caffeine, 14C-Methacetin and 14C-Phenacetin for Assessing Postnatal Development of Monooxygenase Activities in Rats and Marmosets

Krüger¹,

Helge²,

Neubert³

1991

Dev Pharmacol Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The time course in which the activities of cytochrome P(450)-dependent drugmetabolizing enzymes develop during the perinatal period differs for various types of monooxygenases as well as for various animal species. Using [3-methyl^14C]-, [7-methyl^14C]-caffeine, [14CH(3)]-methacetin and [14C(2)H(5)]-phenacetin as substrates in breath tests, the developmental changes in the rates of 14CO(2) formation, due to changes in the activity of monooxygenases, were studied in rats and marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus). In rats a rate of 0.006% of the dose administered/min was found to be exhaled as 14CO(2) in the caffeine breath tests on the 1st day of life. This value increased gradually reaching adult rates of 14CO(2) exhalation after 21 days for [3-methyl^14C]-caffeine and after 25 days for [7-methyl^14C]-caffeine. In marmosets the rate of 14CO(2) exhalation for [3-methyl^14C]- and [7-methyl^14C]- caffeine was also low at birth and developed gradually reaching adult values of 14CO(2) exhalation within 120-200 days. In rats the capacity for dealkylation of methacetin and phenacetin developed much faster compared with caffeine: 9 days postnatally, the exhalation of 14CO(2) reached adult values. Offspring of marmosets reached adult values of 14C02 exhalation at 8 days postnatally when using [14CO(2)]-methacetin as substrate and at 30 days postnatally using [14C(2)H(5)]-phenacetin in the breath test. The results suggest that the monooxygenases for the N-demethylation of caffeine, the O-demethylation of methacetin and the O-deethylation are rather substrate specific in the two species studied. The breath tests used are sensitive methods for assessing the development of different monooxygenases in vivo in rats and marmosets, and they may well (using 13C-labelled substrates) be applicable for studies in children to monitor effects of certain environmental pollutants.

show abstract

Effect of Infant Age on Aminopyrine Breath Test Results

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Maturation of Caffeine N-Demethylation in Infancy: A Study Using the 13CO2 Breath Test

Maturation of Caffeine N-Demethylation in Infancy: A Study Using the 13CO2 Breath Test

The Effect of Age, Gender, and Sexual Maturation on the Caffeine Breath Test

CO(2) Breath Tests Using 14C-Caffeine, 14C-Methacetin and 14C-Phenacetin for Assessing Postnatal Development of Monooxygenase Activities in Rats and Marmosets

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About