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This study was carried out to investigate the effect of chamomile flower aqueous extract on different biochemical parameters in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced-convulsive chicks. Parameters included were serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), serum and brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serum cholinesterase enzyme activity (ChE), electrolytes (Na+,K+, and Cl-), total calcium (Ca2+), serum glucose and total protein concentration.The dried flowers parts of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) were subjected to aqueous extraction and given at (200, 400 and 600mg/kg orally), for its anticonvulsant effects and the effect was compared with the standard anticonvulsant drug sodium valproate (200mg/kg). A dose of 200mg/kg showed full protection against PTZ convulsions, whereas doses of 400 and 600 mg/kg reduced the latency and onset of convulsion. The results suggest that the aqueous extract of chamomile flower may produce anticonvulsant effects via biochemical changes including significant increases in serum T-AOC, serum GABA, serum ChE activity and Na+, and a significant reduction in K+ and serum glucose concentration have been observed.
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of chamomile flower aqueous extract on different biochemical parameters in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced-convulsive chicks. Parameters included were serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), serum and brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serum cholinesterase enzyme activity (ChE), electrolytes (Na+,K+, and Cl-), total calcium (Ca2+), serum glucose and total protein concentration.The dried flowers parts of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) were subjected to aqueous extraction and given at (200, 400 and 600mg/kg orally), for its anticonvulsant effects and the effect was compared with the standard anticonvulsant drug sodium valproate (200mg/kg). A dose of 200mg/kg showed full protection against PTZ convulsions, whereas doses of 400 and 600 mg/kg reduced the latency and onset of convulsion. The results suggest that the aqueous extract of chamomile flower may produce anticonvulsant effects via biochemical changes including significant increases in serum T-AOC, serum GABA, serum ChE activity and Na+, and a significant reduction in K+ and serum glucose concentration have been observed.
Products of natural fermentation have been considered as appealing targets for the study of drug discovery as they were diverse and complex in structure and biological activities. Significance of fermentation in drug preparation, its physicochemical parameters and clinical evaluation were extensively studied. Present study was focusing on fermentative modifications in the biological activities of the aqueous extract of Viburnum coriaceum Blume. Fermented and unfermented extracts were compared for their bioactivities. Free radical scavenging assays were performed for antioxidant activity. In vitro trypsin and lipoxygenase assays for anti-inflammatory activity and inflammation induced cell lines were studied for anti-neuroinflammatory activity. Pilocarpine induced rat models were studied for antiepileptic activity. Phytochemical screening of the extracts that befits the investigation was performed before starting the experiments. When the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-neuroinflammatory activities were found to be enhanced by fermentation, antiepileptic activity on animal models was found diminished. Qualitative analysis revealed the increased concentration of some classes of phyto-constituents and disappearance of some others after fermentation. Analysis of results uncovered the fact that fermentation has both positive and negative implications on the extract bioactivity. Disappearance of phytoconstituents and their derivatization may be the reason behind the negative effect.
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of glibenclamide and metformin on some biochemical parameters in rats induced epilepsy. Male Wister was induced epilepsy by injection of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) at a dose 100 mg/kg of body weight, the rats randomly divided into 3 groups (10-12 rat/group). The group 1: leaved without treatment and served as control group; Group 2: was treated with glibenclamide 5 mg/kg.b.w.; Group 3: was treated with metformin 150 mg/kg.b.w. All treatments were once daily for 1 week, blood samples were collected at 3, 24 hours, and week after induced of epilepsy. The results show that treated with PTZ leads to significant decrease in glucose level in all times after treatment, and significantly decreased level of cholesterol after 3 hours, and a week after treatment, while level of albumin was significantly decreased after a week of treatment, also PTZ treatment increased level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in all times after treatment, while level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was significantly increased after 3 hours, then significantly decreased after a week of treatment. PTZ treatment doesn't show any effect on levels of total protein, and globulin. Treatment with glibenclamide leads to significant increase level of glucose in all times after treatment, also level of cholesterol was significantly increased at 3, 24 hours after treatment with glibenclamide. Level of (AST) was significantly decreased in all times after treatment with glibenclamide, but level of (ALT) was increased only after a week of treatment, glibenclamide don't cause any effect on levels total protein, albumin, and globulin. Treatment with metformin leads to significantly decreased level of glucose after 3, 24 hours of treatment, with significant increase after a week of treatment, while level of cholesterol was significantly increased after 3 hours, and significantly decreased after 24 hours of treatment. Levels of total protein and globulin were increased significantly after 3 hours only, level of albumin significant decrease after 24 hours treatment, also metformin lead to significantly decreased level of (AST) after 3 hours, and significantly increased after a week of treatment, while (ALT) level significantly increased after 24 hour, and week of treatment. These results indicate that glibenclamide and metformin have good roles in control of epilepsy-induced by PTZ in rats through several significant changes of biochemical parameters.
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