Effect of increasing the banking of a racetrack on the occurrence of injury and lameness in Standardbred horses

Dl, Evans; Js, Walsh

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1997.tb12261.x

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Musculoskeletal injury and race day fracture are complex multifactorial events [1], and a number of studies have identified racecourse-related risk factors, such as racetrack, racetrack surface, and geometry [2][3][4][5]. Within some racing jurisdictions, such as California, aggressive programs of change have been implemented to improve surface conditions with the transition from dirt to synthetic all weather racing surfaces, in an attempt to reduce the rate of musculoskeletal injury and fracture [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The radius of the turns and the level of banking alter the loading pattern of the distal limb [7]. However, within the literature, there are limited data on optimal racetrack shape and the interaction of track design (configuration) on race day injury, with much of the published data focusing on harness racing as opposed to Thoroughbred flat racing [4,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Profile and Surface Conditions of New Zealand Thoroughbred Racetracks

Rogers¹,

Bolwell²,

Gee³

et al. 2014

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile and Surface Conditions of New Zealand Thoroughbred Racetracks

Rogers¹,

Bolwell²,

Gee³

et al. 2014

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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“…Sport and training program influence the prevalence and predispose musculoskeletal injuries and lameness in horses (EVANS & WALSH, 1997;MURRAY et al, 2006;MENARIM et al, 2012;TIPTON et al, 2013), depending on the work overload on specific anatomical structures also related to the type of sport and level of training (MURRAY et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lameness affects performance has negative economic consequences and impacts animal's athletic career, and it can cripple its use in sports (EVANS & WALSH, 1997;COUROUCÉ-MALBLANC et al, 2006;MENARIM et al, 2012). Early detection of musculoskeletal injuries helps to prevent new lesions, and Sousa et al some animals can still obtain high athletic performance if injures are treated properly (SCHOEN, 2000;DYSON, 2002;MENARIM et al, 2012;RAMZAN et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between type and local of orthopedic injuries with physical activity in horses

et al. 2017

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Equine sport modalities influence the prevalence and predisposition of musculoskeletal injuries in horses. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of location and type of orthopedic injuries of horses undergoing various physical activities. Data from 116 horses of different breeds and ages was analyzed. Physical activities included dressage, racing, polo pony, jumping, work and western performance. All horses had history of orthopedic lameness diagnosed by radiographs and/or ultrasound scans. The effect of sport on the affected anatomical site and type of lesion was performed using Fisher's exact test. Desmitis was more prevalent in animals that performed western sports than in the working ones. The number of fractures was greater in racing and polo pony animals than in working horses. Stifle lesions were more prevalent in dressage horses than working horses and had lower occurrence of shoulder injuries than jumping horses. Hind limb tendon injuries were lower in jumping than in dressage and western horses. We conclude that there is a relationship between location and type of injury and physical activities. In racing horses there is a predominance of young animals and higher prevalence of orthopedic injuries from traumatic events such as tendonitis, desmitis and fractures. In physical activities that require longer training and that animals were used for longer periods, eg. jumping, polo pony, dressage and work, age-related degenerative, such as joint disease, were predominant. In western sport animals the most common lesion was desmitis. Regarding limbs, forelimb injures were more often observed in racing horses, polo pony, jumping and working animals; whereas, dressage and Western sports horses presented more injuries in hind limbs.

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“…Musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) are the primary cause of reduced training days and racehorse wastage in Standardbred racehorses (STBR) as well as in Thoroughbred racehorses (TBR) [1-6]. But, only a few research studies have attentively focused on STBR specific problems [7-10], such as middle carpal joint injuries [8] and proximal sesamoid bone fractures [9]. Large-scale studies on exercise-related MSI in this population are missing, compared to TBR, probably because in STBR catastrophic events are rare during competitions, thus not raising welfare concerns on racecourse safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in a population of harness Standardbred racehorses in training

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThere is a substantial paucity of studies concerning musculoskeletal injuries in harness Standardbred racehorses. Specifically, little is known about the epidemiology of exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries. Most studies on this subject involve Thoroughbred racehorses, whose biomechanics and racing speed differ from Standardbred, making comparisons difficult. Here, a population of Standardbred racehorses trained at the same racecourse was studied over four years and a classification system for exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries was designed. The incidence rates of musculoskeletal injuries causing horses’ withdrawal from training for 15 days or longer were investigated. A mixed-effects Poisson regression model was used to estimate musculoskeletal injury rates and to describe significance of selected risk factors for exercise-related injuries in this population.ResultsA total of 356 trotter racehorses from 10 different stables contributed 8961 months at risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Four-hundred-and-twenty-nine injuries were reported and classified into 16 categories, based on their aetiology and anatomical localisation. The overall exercise-related injury rate was 4.79 per 100 horse months. When considering risk factors one by one in separate univariable analyses, we obtained the following results: rates did not differ significantly between genders and classes of age, whereas one driver seemed to cause fewer injuries than the others. Racing speed and racing intensity, as well as recent medical history, seemed to be significant risk factors (p < 0.001), while being shod or unshod during racing was not. On the other hand, when pooling several risk factors in a multivariable approach, only racing intensity turned out to be significant (p < 0.001), since racing speed and the racing intensity were partially confounded, being strongly correlated to one another.ConclusionCharacterizing epidemiology of exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries in trotter racehorses provides baseline incidence rate values. Incidence rates of stress fracture are lower in Standardbreds compared to Thoroughbreds, whereas the opposite is true for tendon and suspensory ligament injuries. In addition to identification of risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries among Standardbred racehorses, results suggest that racing intensity seems to be a protective predictor of risk and recent medical history could be used to identify horses at risk of injury.

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Effect of increasing the banking of a racetrack on the occurrence of injury and lameness in Standardbred horses

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Profile and Surface Conditions of New Zealand Thoroughbred Racetracks

Profile and Surface Conditions of New Zealand Thoroughbred Racetracks

Relation between type and local of orthopedic injuries with physical activity in horses

Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in a population of harness Standardbred racehorses in training

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