Effect of Increasing Supplementation Levels of Coffee Pulp on Milk Yield and Food Intake in Dual-Purpose Cows: An Alternative Feed Byproduct for Smallholder Dairy Systems of Tropical Climate Regions

Abstract

Coffee is one of the main traded commodities worldwide, unfortunately, it generates massive amounts of by-products like coffee pulp (CoP), which could be utilized as an alternative feedstuff for cattle contributing to mitigate coffee production environmental damage. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of CoP supplementation on milk production, milk composition, and grass dry matter intake (GDMI) by dual-purpose tropical cows. A 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design was conducted, where four multiparous dual-purpose Holstein x Cebu cows with an average live weight of 477 ± 7 kg and milk yield of 12.1 ± 2.7 kg/d were used. The cows grazed 10 h/d on a Cynodon plectostachius sward with a stocking rate of three cows/ha. All cows received 6 kg/d DM of an experimental concentrate (EC), and the treatments consisted of four supplementation levels of CoP: T1 = 0, T2 = 0.6, T3 = 0.9, and T4 = 1.2 kg DM/d, which was provided on top of the concentrate and mixed with the EC. Grass intake was determined by the n-alkanes technique. A significant difference was observed for the average total daily DM intake (p < 0.02). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed for milk yield, milk composition, body weight, and GDMI for all the inclusion levels of CoP. It was concluded that CoP can be included at levels of 0.6 to 0.9 kg DM/d in the diets of cows without compromising milk yield or GDMI.

Perfiles sociodemográficos de productores de ganado lechero en la microcuenca del río Nupe, región Huánuco

“…Esto resalta algunas de las razones detrás del limitado progreso en la agricultura y la ganadería a nivel nacional. Un incremento en los niveles de escolaridad está asociado con mayores índices de adopción de tecnologías agrícolas, la educación hace que los agricultores tengan más aperturas a los consejos de los extensionistas y tener mayor capacidad en el uso de tecnologías sofisticadas (Aguilar-Gallegos et al, 2013;Hernández-Morales et al, 2013). Por consiguiente, los programas de extensión y formación deben ajustarse de acuerdo al nivel educativo de los productores.…”

Polyphenols for Livestock Feed: Sustainable Perspectives for Animal Husbandry?

“…Milk yield variation (obtained as decreased/increased percentage between milk yield of control group and treated group) and milk composition in terms of fat, protein, and lactose content (%) from different studies. The major increase in milk yield was reported by Estrada-flores et al [133] through supplementation with coffee pulp (0.6% kg/DM) for 26 days, while the major decrease [146] was observed through supplementation with quebracho tannin extract (200 g/cow/day) for 10 consecutive weeks.…”

“…Contradictory results describe the ability of polyphenols to increase MY [120,127,[131][132][133][134], with the complete presence of significant effects. The need for a long treatment time is referenced in the manuscript of Olagaray et al [120], who postulated that dietary supplementation with a Scutellaria baicalensis extract (10 g/day SBE) improved MY (+ 13%) only if prolonged (60 days).…”

“…However, the increased flow is not always associated with the linear increase in milk proteins. Indeed, Estrada-Flores et al [133] suggested that the use of tannins derived from coffee pulp could affect the production of milk and its proteins by positively improving the flow in the intestine, albeit depending on the dose. They reported that a high dose (1.2 kg/ DM/day of coffee pulp) of tannins can decrease this effect, probably due to the creation of indissociable tannin-protein complexes in the abomasum, making the proteins undegradable.…”

“…In the light of studies analysed in the last 5 years (Table 1), in some cases the integration of polyphenols, mainly extracts rich in tannins, favours an increase in milk yield of more than 10% [120,133,142,148,158], with a positive impact on the chemical composition of fatty acid, protein and lactose modifications. The positive effect on milk production could also be strongly linked to the ability of these extracts to modulate the stressors that often lead to an inflammatory state during the transition period.…”