Effect of increasing levels of wasted date palm on digestion, rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in sheep

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of wasted date (WD) in sheep (initial body weight 50 ± 2.3 kg) diets on apparent diet digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis. The experimental diets contained 0 (0 WD), 9% (9 WD), 18% (18 WD) or 27% (27 WD) of wasted dates. These diets were evaluated through a 4 × 4 Latin square design with four 28-day periods. Sheep were individually housed in metabolic cages and were fed diets ad libitum. To keep the diets isoenergetic and isonitrogenous, increasing partial replacement of WD for barley grain was used with increasing levels of soya bean meal. Increasing the amount of WD in diets of sheep did not influence (p > 0.05) diet intake and digestibility of nutrients. Inclusion of WD in diets of sheep did not affect (p > 0.05) ruminal pH but decreased (p < 0.05) NH -N concentration and blood urea nitrogen. Also there was no effect (p > 0.05) of the WD provision on N intake and faecal N loss of experimental animals, but urinary nitrogen excretion and retained nitrogen were affected (p < 0.05) by dietary treatments. Purine derivatives and microbial protein synthesis increased (p < 0.05) linearly with the level of WD in the diet. In conclusion, the increase in microbial protein synthesis and concomitant reduction in ruminal NH -N concentration and blood urea nitrogen in response to wasted date supply suggest improved efficiency of ruminal nitrogen metabolism without adverse effects on fermentation characteristics and animal performance.

Effect of increasing levels of wasted date palm in concentrate diet on reproductive performance of Ouled Djellal breeding rams during flushing period

“…[ 37 ] added that partial or total substitution of barley by WDs resulted in a decrease of nitrogenous matter digestibility, associated with live weight decline in prolific D’Man ewes. To compensate for this shortage, some previous studies [ 40 - 42 ] suggested the addition of supplemental protein in the ration.…”

Effects of different carbon sources and dietary protein levels in a biofloc system on growth performance, immune response against white spot syndrome virus infection and cathepsin L gene expression ofLitopenaeus vannamei

“…In addition, the emergence of nitrite in both biofloc systems indicated the beginning of the nitrification process and the synthesis of new bacterial cells as well as the formation of biofloc (Hari, Kurup, Varghese, Schrama, & Verdegem, 2004). Moreover, using SDE as a carbon source led to lower water TAN level than molasses may as a result of high content of readily soluble and fermentable sugars (Khezri et al, 2017). In this context, it has been reported that simple carbohydrate sources are able to remove TAN faster than complex carbohydrates (Avnimelech et al 2012;Khanjani et al, 2016;Bakhshi et al, 2018;Ahmad et al, 2017 and PPV values were observed in groups fed with the low protein content diets, indicating carbohydrate addition can lead to increase in protein utilization as well as could spare dietary protein in the biofloc-based culture system (Avnimelech et al, 2012).…”

COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL FEED ADDITIVES FOR FUNCTIONAL EFFECTS ON THE DIGESTIVE PROCESSES IN THE RUMEN OF SHEEP (Ovis aries)

“…При этом у подопытных овец не наблюдали различий в значениях рН в рубце (40). Отходы от переработки урожая финиковой пальмы (9, 18 и 27 % от ОР) снижали концентрацию аммонийного азота в рубце и повышали синтез микробного белка, однако состав рациона не повлияния на рН среды (41). В наших опытах включение в рацион овец ДКВ + ОI привело к увеличению содержания аммиака в химусе на 16,5 % по отношению к контрольному периоду, что, возможно, связано с усилением окислительных процессов и снижением образования ЛЖК под действием йода.…”