Effect of Implementing Murdoch Bowel Protocol on the occurrence of Constipation among Critically Ill Patients

Effect of Abdominal Massage on the Occurrence of Constipation among Critically Ill Ventilated Patients at Intensive Care Unit

“…This may be due to the effect of abdominal massage that improves the intestinal movements and enhancing the gastrointestinal function. This result was consistent with Abd-Elraheem et al (2020) (25) who found that nearly three fourth of the control group had constipation versus less than one quarter of the study group that had constipation. Also, Ugras et al (2020) (26) concluded that, abdominal massage improved bowel evacuation and decreased incidence of constipation among intervention groups.…”

Efficacy of Murdoch Bowel Protocol on Constipation among Patients with Hip and Pelvic Surgery

“…No. 2 (Suppl) ,May 2023 ElraheemM2020 (12) who used Murdoch bowel protocol in critical patients and discovered that more than one fifth of patients in study group had constipation compared with less than three quarters of patients in control group in the tenth day .Moreover this findings were supported by (Ross-Adjie, 2012) (7) who said that about two thirds of the patients with hip and knee arthroplasty who received Murdoch Bowel Protocol had normal bowel function by the fifth day compared with one quarter of patients in control group. concerning to constipation assessment scale this present study showed that more than half and more than two third of constipated patient had sever level of constipation in the second day .this is may be due to immobility ,low fiber diet and effect of anesthesia on peristalsis movement.…”

“…It was divide level of mobility as level one(site and shake ) level two(stretch and point) level three (stand) level four (walk, march in place and advancestep ).it include tasks preformed by patient with or without researcher assistance after explanation of this tasks ,then patient give score as pass the level to transfer to following level .or fail and stay in this level. (9,10) Tool II: Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS): This tool was developed by (Heaton and Lewis) at the University of Bristol and was first published in the Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology (Heaton & Lewis, 1997) (11) and it is adopted by (Abd-Elraheem.2020) (12) and has been used by the researcher. It is diagnostic tool used to classify human stool into seven types to assess daily bowel habit and presence of constipation or diarrhea as: Type1 separate hard lumps, like metal, hard to pass Type 2 sausage shaped but lumpy Type 3 like sausage but with cracks on its surface Type 4 like sausage or snake, smooth and soft Type 5 soft blobs with clear cut edges passed easily Type 6 fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool, Type 7 watery, no solid pieces.…”

“…This tool has been used to assess severity of constipation. It was developed by Millan and Williams (1989) (13) and is adopted by (Abd-Elraheem,in 2020) (12) and it has been used by the researcher .This tool included eight items that focus on the symptoms of constipation that are the most universal, these items are -Abdominal distension or bloating, -Change in amount of gases passed rectally -Less frequent bowel movement -Oozing liquid stool -Rectal fullness or pressure -Rectal pain with bowel movement -Smaller stool size, -Urge but inability to pass stool. The scoring system of this tool was as the following: Each symptoms had assessment score 0 no problem 1 some problem 2 sever problem .then add the score to calculate total score.…”