“…However, the recovery strain of the polycrystalline Fe-Mn-Si-based alloy obtained by conventional manufacturing process consisting of forging, rolling, and subsequent solution treatment is only 2%-3%, which cannot meet the engineering application requirements. Modification of alloying elements [7,8], heat treatment [9][10][11], plastic deformation [12][13][14], thermomechanical processing [15], training treatment [16], and second-phase precipitation [17][18][19][20] have been employed to improve the shape recovery strain. The precipitation of nanosized second-phase was first proposed by Kajiwara as an effective method to improve the shape memory effect in Fe-Mn-Si-based alloys [17,21].…”