Effect of immunonutrition on serum levels of C-reactive protein and lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19: a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial

Pimentel, Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll; Silva, Arthur Pinto; Santana, Amália Ivine Costa; Silva, Douglas de Souza e; Ramos, Mariângela de Souza; Souza, Márcio Costa de; Suen, Vívian Marques Miguel; Maduro, Isolda Padro de Negreiros Nogueira; Filho, Durval Ribas; Júnior, Argemiro D’Oliveira; Silva, Dandara Almeida Reis da; Coelho, Julita Maria Freitas; Gomes, Antônio Marcos Tosoli; Machado, Paulo Roberto Lima; Mercês, Magno Conceição das

doi:10.20960/nh.03847

Cited by 7 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In those who received EEN, hospital length of stay was shorter, respiratory distress was less frequent and severe, and fewer complications were observed in this small cohort. At present, there is a dearth of controlled oral nutritional supplement or early feeding trials for COVID-19 [ 52 ]. Since malnutrition appears to be an independent risk factor and predictor for prolonged hospital length of stay and mortality [ 53 ], efforts to facilitate early enteral dietary management engagement (FEEDME) [ 11 ] should be considered while adhering to rigorous scientific principles [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition Increases Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality among Adult Inpatients with COVID-19

et al. 2022

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Background: Malnutrition has been linked to adverse health economic outcomes. There is a paucity of data on malnutrition in patients admitted with COVID-19. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study consisting of 4311 COVID-19 adult (18 years and older) inpatients at 5 Johns Hopkins-affiliated hospitals between 1 March and 3 December 2020. Malnourishment was identified using the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST), then confirmed by registered dietitians. Statistics were conducted with SAS v9.4 (Cary, NC, USA) software to examine the effect of malnutrition on mortality and hospital length of stay among COVID-19 inpatient encounters, while accounting for possible covariates in regression analysis predicting mortality or the log-transformed length of stay. Results: COVID-19 patients who were older, male, or had lower BMIs had a higher likelihood of mortality. Patients with malnutrition were 76% more likely to have mortality (p < 0.001) and to have a 105% longer hospital length of stay (p < 0.001). Overall, 12.9% (555/4311) of adult COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with malnutrition and were associated with an 87.9% increase in hospital length of stay (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In a cohort of COVID-19 adult inpatients, malnutrition was associated with a higher likelihood of mortality and increased hospital length of stay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition Increases Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality among Adult Inpatients with COVID-19

et al. 2022

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“…Regarding the randomization process, two included studies [ 26 , 32 ] reported an adequate randomization method with allocation concealment, so we judged them as low risk. However, Sedighiyan et al[ 33 ] and Kosmopoulos et al [ 31 ] were judged as some concerns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding deviations from the intended interventions, two studies; Pimentel et al [ 32 ] and Doaei et al [ 26 ] were judged as low risk of bias due to sufficient blinding of patients and examiners, while the other two studies: Kosmopoulos et al [ 31 ] and Sedighiyan et al [ 33 ] were judged as high risk as they were open-labeled and single-blinded studies, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding missing outcome data, Kosmopoulos et al [ 31 ]and Pimentel et al [ 32 ]had a low risk of bias due to sufficient outcome data and the use of intention to treat (ITT) analysis. Sedighiyan et al [ 33 ] and Doaei et al [ 26 ] were judged as high risk of bias due to missing data without using the ITT method for analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the measurement of the outcomes, Kosmopoulos et al [ 31 ] and Sedighiyan et al [ 33 ] were judged as high risk as certain outcomes were patient-reported, and patients were not blinded. The other two studies [ 26 , 32 ] were judged as low risk.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on serum level of C-reactive protein in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2022

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Background Omega-3 may alleviate the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by reducing the C-reactive protein (CRP) level, a marker for systemic inflammation. Because the scientific evidence indicating such a role is inconsistent, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Omega-3 on CRP change and CRP level in patients with COVID-19. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search on four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scopus). We included all RCTs comparing Omega-3 with a control group regarding their effect on the CRP levels in patients with COVID-19. We used version two of the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool to appraise the included studies. We extracted data to an online data extraction sheet. The primary outcomes were CRP change from baseline and CRP serum levels. Results We included four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 274 patients in this study. The overall effect estimate favored Omega-3 over the control group in terms of CRP change from baseline (mean difference (MD) =− 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): − 4.40, − 0.66) and CRP serum levels at the end of the study (MD =− 6.24, 95% CI: − 11.93, − 0.54). Conclusion Omega-3 showed promising effects on systemic inflammation by reducing CRP levels in COVID-19 patients. Based on this finding, we recommend Omega-3 for COVID-19 patients for its anti-inflammatory actions.

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Klinische Ernährung bei Covid-19 Patienten – Eine systematische Literaturübersicht

Spiess

Weimann

2023

Aktuelle Ernährungsmedizin

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Zusammenfassung EinleitungAktuell fehlt die Evidenz zur klinischen Ernährung bei Covid-19. Ziel der Arbeit: Systematischer Überblick über die klinische Ernährung bei Covid-19. Material und MethodeEine systematische Literatursuche: 2 Meta-Analysen, 12 systematische Reviews und Meta-Analysen, 9 prospektive randomisierte kontrollierte Studien, 3 prospektive Observationsstudien, 7 retrospektive Studien, 25 narrative Reviews. Ergebnisse a) Adipöse Patienten haben ein erhöhtes Risiko auf einen schweren Krankheitsverlauf, b) es gibt einen Zusammenhang zwischen Adipositas und erhöhtem Sterberisiko, c) die Covid-19 Mortalität steigt ab einem BMI>27 kg/m², in allen BMI- Klassen um 1,6% pro 1 kg/m² bei Gewichtszunahme, bei starker Adipositas (> 40–45 BMI) um das 1,5 bis 2-fache und pro 5 kg/m², d) das Risiko für einen schweren Covid-19 Verlauf steigt ebenso bei erhöhtem viszeralen Fettgewebeanteil, Gesamtkörperfettmasse und Oberbauchumfang, e) die Sterblichkeitsrate kann bei mangelernährten Covid-19 Patienten 10-mal höher sein, f) das Serumalbumin liefert Hinweise auf einen schlechten Krankheitsverlauf, g) eine enterale Omega-3-Fettsäuren-Zufuhr könnte die Nierenfunktion stabilisieren und das Outcome verbessern, h) Lebensmittel mit niedrigen glykämischen Index sollten bevorzugt werden, i) ein Vitamin D Mangel ist zu vermeiden, eine tägliche Vitamin D und Zink Supplementierung kann von Vorteil sein, j) einmalig hochdosiertes Vitamin D und enterales Vitamin C bewirkt keinen Nutzen, jedoch könnte das Thromboserisiko reduziert und mit Zink die Antikörperreaktion verstärkt werden, k) eine ernährungsmedizinische Intervention reduziert die Sterblichkeit. Schlussfolgerung Screening und Erfassung des Ernährungszustands sind bei Covid-19 Patienten von Bedeutung. Insgesamt liegen unzureichend klinische Ergebnisse zur spezifischen Ernährungstherapie vor.

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Effect of immunonutrition on serum levels of C-reactive protein and lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19: a randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Malnutrition Increases Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality among Adult Inpatients with COVID-19

Malnutrition Increases Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality among Adult Inpatients with COVID-19

Effect of Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on serum level of C-reactive protein in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Klinische Ernährung bei Covid-19 Patienten – Eine systematische Literaturübersicht

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