Effect of iloprost on contractile impairment and mitochondrial degeneration in ischemia-reperfusion of skeletal muscle

Abstract

Purpose Acute lower extremity ischemia is still a main cause of mortality and morbidity in orthopedic traumatology and reconstructive surgery. In acute lower extremity ischemia, the skeletal muscles are the tissues that are the most vulnerable to ischemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of iloprost (IL) therapy on skeletal muscle contractile impairment and mitochondrial degeneration in an acute lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion rat model. Main Methods Forty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into a control group and four experimental groups. Experimental groups were either subjected to 2 h of lower extremity ischemia followed by a 4-h reperfusion period or to 4 h of ischemia followed by an 8-h reperfusion period. Except for the animals in the control group, all animals received IL (1 ng/kg/min) or saline (1 ml/kg) by intraperitoneal infusion for 10 min immediately before reperfusion. At the end of the recording of skeletal muscle electrical activity and contractility, all rats were sacrificed by decapitation and muscle samples of lower extremity were immediately harvested for histopathologic analyses. Results After ischemia-reperfusion, a breakdown in the force-frequency curves of extensor digitorum longus muscle was observed, showing the diminished muscle contractility. However, IL significantly improved muscle contractility following injury induced by 2 h of ischemia followed by a 4-h reperfusion period. In addition, IL partially ameliorated mitochondrial degeneration in the muscle cells of ischemia groups. Conclusion This study indicates that immediate IL therapy repairs muscle damage especially after 2 h of ischemia and 4 h of reperfusion and therefore that IL improves contractile function.

The effects of iloprost and beta3 receptor agonist on TRPA1 and TRPC1 immunreactivity in an experimental lower extremty ischemia-reperfusion injury model

“…Similar to BRL, the antioxidant potential of BRL is known to decrease when these receptors are inhibited [2]. The benefit of ILO administration in preventing the skeletal muscle damage following IR has been demonstrated [3]. In addition, it has been reported that the level of antioxidant enzymes increases during IR damage in rats treated with ILO [4].…”

“…Iloprost (ILO) is a PGI2 (prostacyclin) analog [3]. ILO has effects such as inhibition of platelet aggregation, arteriovenous dilatation, increased capillary permeability due to the release of mediators (e.g., serotonin and histamine), increased endogenous fibrinolytic activity, and anti-inflammatory effects (such as inhibition of leukocyte adhesion after endothelial damage and reduced TNF (tumor necrosis factor) alpha release [3,4]. BRL 37344 (ß3 adrenergic receptor activation) is a selective ß3receptor agonist (ß3-RA).…”

Efficacy of non-surgical interventions for promoting improved functional outcomes following acute compartment syndrome: A systematic review

“…18 studies used rats in their experimental design. Of these 18 studies, nine articles used Sprague-Dawley rats [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], one used Wistar albino rats [32], seven studies used Lewis rats [33][34][35][36][37][38][39], and one study used Fisher rats [40]. Five of the 29 articles used mice in their experimental design.…”

“…Ischemia and I/R models were used for all the included studies (Table 1). These studies used either elastic non-pneumatic tourniquet [26,27,29,32,40,49], pneumatic tourniquet [23,31,33,34,[41][42][43], atraumatic clamps [24,25,28,[46][47][48]51], or ligation methods [30,39,44,45] to produce ischemia in the hind limbs. Specifically, four of the studies amputated the thigh sparing femoral vessels, later femoral vessels were occluded to avoid venous congestion and create ischemia [35][36][37][38].…”

Salivary dysfunction caused by medication usage

“…This paper was published as part of the "Translational Geroscience" initiative of Physiology International [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61].…”