Effect of N,N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide on the structure and dyeing properties of meta‐aramid and para‐aramid fibre

Abstract

N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide has been widely used in the mosquito-repellent finishing of textiles over the past few decades, but the use of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide as a dye carrier for aramid dyeing with disperse dye has been seldom reported. Meanwhile, the application of aramid fibre in clothing is limited because it is difficult to dye. In this work, the effect of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide on the dyeing properties of aramid fibre was examined by measuring the percentage disperse dye exhaustion under different conditions. In order to understand the mechanism by which N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide promotes the exhaustion of disperse dye on aramid fibre, the ultraviolet-visible spectrum of the dye and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide solution, the glass transition temperature, the crystalline structure, and the degree of orientation of aramid fibre treated with N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide were measured by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction analysis, and velocity-oriented tests respectively. The results indicated that N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide not only could reduce the glass transition temperature and degree of orientation of aramid fibre but could also improve the solubility of disperse dye in aqueous solution, and therefore could enhance the percentage disperse dye uptake on aramid fibre, whereas treatment with N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide showed little effect on the crystalline structure of aramid fibre. The results implied that N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide was beneficial to the diffusion of disperse dye molecules into the amorphous region of aramid fibre under the dyeing conditions, but seldom affected the mechanical properties of aramid fibre.

Optimization of high performance m‐aramid fiber with disperse dye containing high color strength

“…Temperature is an important factor in the dyeing of m‐aramid fibers with disperses dyes . Figure shows a slight increase in K/S by increasing temperature from 100 to 130°C.…”

“…Temperature is an important factor in the dyeing of maramid fibers with disperses dyes. 1 Figure 5 shows a slight increase in K/S by increasing temperature from 100 to 130 C. The possible reason can be described, as by increasing the dyeing temperature, the diffusion of dye molecules into the fibers also increases. At high temperature, the migration of dye molecules increases which enhances the penetration and distribution of the dye molecules within the fiber resulting in the improved K/S value of dyed fibers.…”

“…M‐aramid is a high‐performance fibrous material that has outstanding properties such as, high modulus and strength, good chemical stability, and flame retardancy . Due to these excellent properties, m‐aramid is widely used in aerospace and firefighting suits .…”

“…M-aramid is a high-performance fibrous material that has outstanding properties such as, high modulus and strength, good chemical stability, and flame retardancy. 1,2 Due to these excellent properties, m-aramid is widely used in aerospace and firefighting suits. 3 M-aramid fibers are also used in protective garments that are worn in antistatic working condition, racing wear, heat-resistant clothes, gloves, sportswear, smelting, and oil refineries.…”

Inspection for supercritical CO2 dyeing of poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) by kinetics and thermodynamics analysis

“…[6][7][8][9] Various attempts have been performed to dye PMIA, of which aqueous dyeing with carriers is one of the basic approaches. 10,11 Generally, most carriers used are aromatic compounds, such as butyl benzoate, methylnaphthalene, dichlorobenzene, diphenyl, and acetophenone, 2,6 which can emulsify in dyebath and increase the dyeing rate. 12 Deep shades for PMIA can be achieved by adding carriers since the hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force between PMIA and dye molecules are formed.…”