Effect of Rosa damascena Extract on Rat Model Alzheimer’s Disease: A Histopathological, Behavioral, Enzyme Activities, and Oxidative Stress Study

Abstract

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the effect of aquatic Rosa damascena extract against the oxidative damage induced by aluminum chloride intoxication in Alzheimer’s model of Wister rats. Rats were divided randomly into seven groups (n = 10). Control group received no treatment, sham group received distilled water orally, aluminum group (AL) was administered AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) orally, extract 1 and 2 groups were treated with only aqueous R. damascena extract (DRE) (500 and 1000 mg/kg), and treatment 1 and 2 groups received aqueous R. damascena extract (500 and 1000 mg/kg) and AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) orally. The brain tissues were sampled for histopathological examination, and biochemical analysis was conducted for estimating the enzyme activities of acetylcholinesterase and catalase (CAT), the levels of GSH and MDA, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. According to the results of behavioral tests, AL administration showed a reduction in spatial memory and remarkably increased the time needed for reaching the invisible platform. The administration of Al-induced oxidative stress and an increase of the enzyme activity of AChE. Al administration increased AChE level from 1.176 ± 0.173 to 3.62 ± 0.348, which was a significant rise. However, treating with the extract at the dose of 1000 mg/kg downregulated it to 1.56 ± 0.303. Administration of the R. damascene extract caused an increased level of catalase and glutathione levels in treatment groups, attenuated MDA level, and regulated AChE activity. Our results illustrate that administration of R. damascene extract has a protective effect against the oxidative damage induced by AlCl3 intoxication in Alzheimer’s model.

Neuroprotective Effects of Rosa damascena Extract against Aluminum Chloride-Induced Brain Damage in Rat Offspring

“…The tissues were prepared by using an approved method from a previous study, and the stress markers were examined separately using special kits [ 9 ].…”

“…A human blood serum sample was used as a positive control. Cholinesterase activity was calculated using the extinction coefficient of the thiolate dianion of DTNB at 412 nm, which is produced by the enzymatic hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide [ 9 ].…”

“…A standard solution of ferrous sulfate (Feп100 to 2000 mM) was prepared in distilled water. The FRAP value was expressed as mmol tissue weight [ 9 ].…”

“…In a previous study, it was observed that injection or oral administration of this metal can cause lesions in pregnant rats and their infants [ 2 ]. An earlier study showed that Al can induce histopathological damage, oxidative stress, and behavioral dysfunction in rats [ 9 ].…”

“…It has been previously observed that RDA can significantly protect rats against Al-induced oxidative stress [ 9 ]. However, this study aimed to investigate the potential of RDA in Al-induced vertically transmitted lesions in rat offspring.…”