EFFECT OF <i>ENDOGONE</i> MYCORRHIZA ON PLANT GROWTH

Daft, M. J.; Nicolson, T. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1969.tb06494.x

Cited by 102 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycorrhizal plants take up more phosphorus than nonmycorrhizal controls when relatively unavailable sources of phosphorus are supplied to the roots (12,26). In most cases the addition of more readily available phosphorus eliminates differences in growth and phosphorus uptake (3,12,13,20,26).We have recently shown that VA3 mycorrhizae also decrease the resistance to water transport in whole soybean plants (31). The present study was undertaken to determine where the fungus acts and whether the lowered resistance to water transport can be attributed to increases in the nutrient status of the host brought about by the mycorrhizae.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nutrient Status and Mycorrhizal Enhancement of Water Transport in Soybean

1972

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

MATERIALS AND METHODSMycorrhizal soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. var. plants have lower resistances to water transport than nonmycorrhizal plants after 4.5 weeks of growth. Although resistances of whole plants differ by 40 %, there were no differences in the resistances of stems plus leaves, indicating that the major effect of the mycorrhizae was to reduce the resistance of the roots. Since the fungitoxicant, p-chloronitrobenzene, had no effect on resistances to water transport, reduced resistances were probably not caused by a direct modification of the transport pathway by the fungus. Differences in resistance between mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal soybean were essentially eliminated by the application of nutrients to the soil. Thus, lowered resistances of mycorrhizal roots growing in soil with low levels of nutrients probably resulted from the enhanced nutrient status of the plant brought about by the fungus. Mycorrhizal infection increased growth at both low and high nutrient levels.The vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal relationship, one of the most common forms of symbiosis, increases the growth of many host plant species (1-3, 10, 15, 16, 20, 25, 29) including soybean (30, 31). The increased growth has been attributed to an enhanced nutrient uptake by the host plant (2,12,15,(18)(19)(20)26). Mycorrhizal plants take up more phosphorus than nonmycorrhizal controls when relatively unavailable sources of phosphorus are supplied to the roots (12,26). In most cases the addition of more readily available phosphorus eliminates differences in growth and phosphorus uptake (3,12,13,20,26).We have recently shown that VA3 mycorrhizae also decrease the resistance to water transport in whole soybean plants (31). The present study was undertaken to determine where the fungus acts and whether the lowered resistance to water transport can be attributed to increases in the nutrient status of the host brought about by the mycorrhizae.'This work was supported in part by The method used for determining resistance to water transport was that of Boyer (5, 6), which has previously given results that compare well with independent methods (6, 31) and provides consistent determinations of whole plant resistances in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal soybean (31). The method involves measurement of the recovery in water potential of a moderately water-deficient leaf on an intact plant. The time required for recovery, which is determined when no transpiration is occurring, is dependent on the resistance to water transport.For measurement of the recovery of a whole plant, the blade of an intact soybean leaf which was moderately water deficient was sealed in a thermocouple psychrometer chamber that measures the water potential of intact leaves (4). The soil and root system were then submerged in degassed water, excess water was drained away, and the recovery in water potential of the leaf was recorded. After determining that the data conformed to the transfer equation for a plane sheet (5, 9, 1 1), the resistance of the whole plant was calc...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Status and Mycorrhizal Enhancement of Water Transport in Soybean

1972

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In order to examine how AM fungi can benefit field crops and what conditions are required for their development, it is essential to understand that plants inoculated with AM fungi differ markedly in their growth response (Daft and Nicolson 1969). This growth-stimulating effect, referred to as 'mycorrhizal dependency' (MD) (Gerdemann 1975), is highly variable (Sanders et al 1977) and is influenced by several factors such as plant species (Gerdemann 1968), soil fertility (Hayman and Mosse 1971), and fungal strain .…”

Section: Fundamental Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems

Plenchette¹,

Clermont-Dauphin²,

Meynard³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

170

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plencette, C., Clermont-Dauphin, C., Meynard, J. M. and Fortin, J. A. 2005. Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 31-40. Market globalization, demographic pressure, and environmental degradation have led us to reconsider many of our current agricultural systems. The heavy use of chemical inputs, including fertilizers and pesticides, has resulted in pollution, decreased biodiversity in intensively-farmed regions, degradation of fragile agro-ecosystems, and prohibitive costs for many farmers. Low input sustainable cropping systems should replace conventional agriculture, but this requires a more comprehensive understanding of the biological interactions within agro-ecosystems. Mycorrhizal fungi appear to be the most important telluric organisms to consider. Mycorrhizae, which result from a symbiosis between these fungi and plant roots, are directly involved in plant mineral nutrition, the control of plant pathogens, and drought tolerance. Most horticultural and crop plants are symbiotic with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal literature is abundant, showing that stimulation of plant growth can be mainly attributed to improved phosphorous nutrition. Although the mycorrhizal potential of its symbiosis to improve crop production is widely recognized, it is not implemented in agricultural systems. There is an urgent need to improve and widely apply analytical methods to evaluate characteristics such as, relative field mycorrhizal dependency, soil mycorrhizal infectivity, and mycorrhizal receptivity of soil. Decreased use of fertilizers, pesticides, and tillage will favour arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. However, shifting from one system to a more sustainable one is not easy since all components of the cropping system are closely linked. Different cases, from actual agricultural practices in different countries, are analyzed to highlight situations in which mycorrhizae might or might not play a role in developing more sustainable agriculture. Key words:Cropping systems, mycorrhizae, sustainability, technical itineraries, rotation Plencette, C., Clermont-Dauphin, C., Meynard, J. M. et Fortin, J. A. 2005. Gestion des champignons mycorchiziens a arbuscules dans les systemes de culture. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 31-40. La globalisation mondiale du marché, la pression démographique et la dégradation de l'environnement ont, dans plusieurs parties du monde, mené à une réévaluation des systèmes agricoles actuels. Les modifications de l'environnement montrent que l'utilisation des engrais et des pesticides a atteint ses limites : pollution et perte de biodiversité dans les régions d'agriculture intensive, dégradation des systèmes agricoles les plus fragiles, coûts prohibitifs pour les producteurs les plus pauvres. L'agriculture conventionnelle doit s'orienter vers des pratiques plus durables, mais les systèmes de culture durable à faibles intrants ne pourront être viables que par une meilleure connaissance et maîtrise des interactions biologiques dans ces agro-systèmes. Les champign...

show abstract

“…Seedlings, selected for uniformity, were transplanted singly into 4-in. pots containing sand plus bonemeal (level 0.5, Daft and Nicolson, 1966). At this time the roots were inoculated with a i ml suspension of Rhizobium phaseoli (10* cells ml ^) and forty-five spores of Endogone macrocarpa var.…”

Section: Growth and Inoculation Of Plants Seeds Of French Bean {Phasmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECT OF ENDOGONE MYCORRHIZA ON PLANT GROWTH VII. INFLUENCE OF INFECTION ON THE GROWTH AND NODULATION IN FRENCH BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS)

Daft

El-Giahmi

1974

New Phytologist

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYInfections of Phaseolus with Endogone and Rhizobium compared with Rhizobium alone had increased growth, reproduction, number and weight of nodules, acetylene reduction rates, leghaemoglobin, phosphorus and total protein contents. Shoot/root ratios were lower in the dual infected plants. Levels of infection by Endogone influenced nodulation and the application of soluble phosphate simulated the effects of the fungus. The significance of these additive effects of dual symbiotic infections is discussed.

show abstract

EFFECT OF ENDOGONE MYCORRHIZA ON PLANT GROWTH

Cited by 102 publications

References 20 publications

Nutrient Status and Mycorrhizal Enhancement of Water Transport in Soybean

Nutrient Status and Mycorrhizal Enhancement of Water Transport in Soybean

Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems

EFFECT OF ENDOGONE MYCORRHIZA ON PLANT GROWTH VII. INFLUENCE OF INFECTION ON THE GROWTH AND NODULATION IN FRENCH BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About