Effect of <i>Chlamydomonas</i> plastid terminal oxidase 1 expressed in tobacco on photosynthetic electron transfer

Feilke, Kathleen; Streb, Peter; Cornic, Gabriel; Perreau, François; Kruk, Jerzy; Krieger‐Liszkay, Anja

doi:10.1111/tpj.13101

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…In RISE, the suppression of electron transport in Cyt b 6 / f is triggered by the reduction of the PQ pool, but not the accumulation of ΔpH,which implies that RISE is caused by the suppression of the Q‐cycle in Cyt b 6 / f because of a shortage of oxidized PQ (Shaku et al., ). Furthermore,

O_{2}^{-}

dependent alternative electron transport mediated by terminal oxidases on the thylakoid membrane can contribute to P700 oxidation on the electron donor side of PSI (Feilke et al., ; Shimakawa & Miyake, ). For the last two decades, P700 oxidation has been observed as a universal physiological response to excess light conditions and reported to be related to a variety of molecular mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing frequency of fluctuating light reveals the molecular mechanism for P700 oxidation in plant leaves

Shimakawa

Miyake

2018

Plant Direct

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Natural sunlight exceeds the demand of photosynthesis such that it can cause plants to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which subsequently cause photo‐oxidative damage. Because photosystem I (PSI) is a major source of ROS, plants actively maintain the reaction center chlorophyll of PSI(P700) oxidized under excessive light conditions to alleviate the ROS production. P700 oxidation is universally recognized in photosynthetic organisms as a physiological response to excessive light. However, it is still poorly understood how P700 oxidation is induced in response to fluctuating light with a variety of frequencies. Here, we investigated the relationships of photosynthetic parameters with P700 oxidation in Arabidopsis thaliana under a sine fluctuating light with different frequencies. As the photon flux density of the light increased, P700 was oxidized concurrently with the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter qL unless the electron acceptor side of PSI was limited. Conversely, we did not observe a proportional relationship of non‐photochemical quenching with P700 oxidation. The mutant crr‐2, which lacks chloroplast NADPH dehydrogenase, was impaired in P700 oxidation during light fluctuation at high, but not low frequency, unlike the pgrl1 mutant deficient in PGR5 and PGRL1 proteins, which could not oxidize P700 during light fluctuation at both high and low frequencies. Taken together, our findings suggested that the changing frequency of fluctuating light reveals the tracking performance of molecular mechanisms underlying P700 oxidation.

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O_{2}^{-}

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing frequency of fluctuating light reveals the molecular mechanism for P700 oxidation in plant leaves

Shimakawa

Miyake

2018

Plant Direct

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“…Biochemical evidence has pointed to PTOX being localized on the stromal face of the unstacked regions of the thylakoid membrane (14). Binding of PTOX to the membrane has been suggested to be regulated by light-induced changes in stroma pH, which may provide a dynamic mechanism for activation of PTOX in response to stress (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastid terminal oxidase requires translocation to the grana stacks to act as a sink for electron transport

Stępień

Johnson

2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Abstract:The plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) has been shown to be an important sink for photosynthetic electron transport in stress tolerant plants. However, overexpression studies in stress sensitive species have previously failed to induce significant activity of this protein.Here we show that overexpression of PTOX from the salt tolerant brassica species Eutrema salsugineum does not, alone, result in activity, but that over-expressing plants show faster induction and a greater final level of PTOX activity once exposed to salt stress. This implies that an additional activation step is required before activity is induced. We show that that activation involves the translocation of the protein from the unstacked stromal lamellae to the thylakoid grana and a protection of the protein from trypsin digestion. This represents an important and novel activation step and opens up new possibilities in the search for stress tolerant crops. Significance statement:Growing concerns about food security and changing climates make the identification of novel stress tolerance traits a priority. Here we show that the activation of the plastid terminal oxidase, via its relocation within the thylakoid membrane, can induce a protective sink for electron transport. We have thus identified a novel and unexpected mechanism for protein activation and opened new avenues for engineering plant stress tolerance.3 /body

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“…Interestingly, down-regulation of PTOX, approximately 3% of WT levels, did not compromise plant growth, under ambient growth conditions in Arabidopsis [37]. While over-expression of C. reinhardtii PTOX1 in plants makes the mutants more sensitive to HL than WT [38,39] and Arabidopsis PTOX in tobacco promotes oxidative stress [40,41]. Similarly, OsPTOX expression in Synechocystis did not affect growth under standard growth conditions (light intensities between 50 and 150 µmol photons m − 2 s − 1 ) [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Plastid terminal oxidases in Chlamydomonas: connections with astaxanthin and bio-hydrogen production

Li¹,

Zheng²,

Xiao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: as a plasto quinol oxidase involved in plastoquinol oxidation in higher plants and microalgae, the plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) was first recognized in the tomato mutant GHOST (GH) and Arabidopsis mutant IMMUTANS (IM). Genome sequence analysis revealed that duplication of the PTOX gene occurs in certain eukaryotic microalgae, but not in cyanobacteria and most higher plants. PTOX may also be involved in carotenoid synthesis and play a critical protective role against stress, such as high light, heat shock and hyperosmosis. However, the connections of PTOX with astaxanthin and bio-hydrogen production and their functional relationship between two PTOX genes in the model green microalga Chlamydomonas is unknown. Results: we successfully knocked down two ptoxs through RNAi in Chlamydomonas, respectively. We demonstrated that expression levels of both PTOXs were increased under stress conditions, and interestingly when one PTOX was silenced the other’s transcriptional level was significantly raised. Conclusions: this shows a complementary relationship under high light condition. In addition, the astaxanthin accumulation level was up-regulated in silenced ptox2 strain, compared to the wide type strain. What’s more, significantly increased hydrogen production was observed in silenced ptox1 strain. In conclusion, PTOXs in Chlamydomonas are connected with not only astaxanthin accumulation but also hydrogen production, and their knock-down strains provide new insights in manipulating microalgae for high light stress tolerant strains, carotenoid production and even biofuels.

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Effect of Chlamydomonas plastid terminal oxidase 1 expressed in tobacco on photosynthetic electron transfer

Cited by 32 publications

References 55 publications

Changing frequency of fluctuating light reveals the molecular mechanism for P700 oxidation in plant leaves

Changing frequency of fluctuating light reveals the molecular mechanism for P700 oxidation in plant leaves

Plastid terminal oxidase requires translocation to the grana stacks to act as a sink for electron transport

Plastid terminal oxidases in Chlamydomonas: connections with astaxanthin and bio-hydrogen production

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