Effect of hypophysectomy on lipogenesis and glycogenesis in cockerels

Kompiang, IP; Gibson, WR

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1973.224.2.362

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Thus, "true" growth (skeletal and lean tissue deposition) was greatly depressed, despite continued increases in total BW. As might be expected, degeneration of gonads, adrenal glands, and thyroid glands (Nalbandov and Card, 1943;King, 1969), as well as increased liver glycogen content (King, 1969;Kompiang and Gibson, 1973), were noted with hypophysectomy in the chicken. A contributing factor to the obesity of hypophysectomized birds is an increased rate of hepatic lipogenesis (Kompiang and Gibson, 1973), which may be caused by enhanced sensitivity to the lipogenic effects of insulin or removal of inhibitory tone by one or more pituitary hormones (Kompiang and Gibson, 1976).…”

Section: Posthatch Hypophysectomysupporting

confidence: 63%

Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Poultry Growth: Required, Optimal, or Ineffective?

Vasilatos‐Younken

Scanes

1991

Poultry Science

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With a continually expanding market for poultry meat products, increased production demands of as much as 50% by the Year 2000 have been predicted. Indications already exist that this magnitude of expansion is not likely to be met by increased production output and genetic selection alone, and that other methods of improving growth performance per bird via exogenous manipulation of the growth process are needed. Studies in mammalian species clearly demonstrate the importance of growth hormone (GH) and its potential for enhancing productivity in domestic mammals. However, the role of GH in growth of poultry appears to be much more complex. Taken collectively, studies to date indicate that significant, positive effects of GH on growth performance of normal, growing poultry are possible. Expression of such effects appear to be largely contingent on the period of posthatch development (late posthatch being more responsive than early), and the pattern of several key metabolic regulatory hormones resulting in response to GH. Such regulatory hormone responses are largely influenced by the pattern or magnitude of exposure (acute versus chronic) to GH in birds. At this time, the available information on the potential for insulin-like growth factors to enhance growth is limited, and further studies are needed before a definitive role for these peptides in growth and development of poultry can be assigned.

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Section: Posthatch Hypophysectomysupporting

confidence: 63%

Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Poultry Growth: Required, Optimal, or Ineffective?

Vasilatos‐Younken

Scanes

1991

Poultry Science

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“…In addition, GH increases the concentration of glucose and amino acids in the circulation. In the domestic fowl, hypohysectomy is accompanied by decreases in the rate of lipolysis and glucose uptake by adipose tissue (Gibson and Nalbandov, 1966) and by an elevated rate of lipogenesis (Kompiang and Gibson, 1973). In vitro studies provide strong support for GH being the pituitary hormone responsible for the effects of hypophysectomy, for instance, increased lipolysis by chicken, turkey, and hypophysectomized pigeon adipose tissue implants .…”

Section: Metabolic Actions Of Growth Hormonementioning

confidence: 98%

Hormones and Growth in Poultry

et al. 1984

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The hormonal control of growth in poultry and other species is complex. The available evidence supports the concept that growth hormone and the thyroid hormones are the principal hormones responsible for the attainment of normal growth in the domestic fowl. Other hormones, including somatomedins, epidermal growth hormone, sex steroids, and vitamin D metabolites, are also involved in the control of growth. Considerable study will be required for the elucidation of the exact roles of the various hormones in avian growth.

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“…improved significantly over those of controls Metabolism and growth in avian species are (Ki md Scanes {9g6) However) attempts t0 regulated by a multitude of hormones and demo nstrate effects on the growth performance growth factors The .relatively slower growth of birds emphasize the involvement of adenohy-, iog7\ pophyseal hormones in the growth process ' T he inability to demonstrate positive or Wandov and C^, 1943;King, 1969; lasting effects of exogenous GH administration Kompiang and Gibson, 1973). Many studies .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Subcutaneous Infusion of Pituitary-Derived Chicken Growth Hormone on Growth Performance of Broiler Pullets

1989

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The effect of subcutaneous infusion of pituitary-derived chicken growth hormone (p-cGH) on plasma hormone/metabolite status and growth performance of young broiler pullets was investigated. Two-week-old pullets were surgically prepared and maintained via a fluid swivel/spring tether/harness system. Birds were subcutaneously infused 24 h a day for 21 days with 1.0 mL/day of either a p-cGH or vehicle (control) solution (20 micrograms/kg BW/day). Subcutaneous infusion of p-cGH had no significant effect on growth performance parameters in comparison with controls. Differences between levels of overall feed intake, net BW gain, feed efficiency, and carcass composition were not significant for treatments. However, dressing percentage was lower in p-cGH treated birds than in vehicle infused birds (P less than .04). Growth hormone treatment resulted in a modest degree of enlargement of the liver (P less than .06). However treatment had no effect upon wet weights of other measured organs or upon parameters of longitudinal bone growth, including length and mass of the tibiotarsus and width of the epiphyseal growth plate. Differences between treatment groups in preinfusion plasma concentration of GH, insulin, and glucose were not significant. Postinfusion plasma concentrations of GH were elevated over three-fold by p-cGH treatment (P less than .0001), with no treatment differences in plasma insulin or glucose concentrations. This study indicated that a sustained, 24-h elevation in plasma GH concentration in response to a physiological dosage of exogenous p-cGH is ineffective in altering growth performance of young, rapidly growing meat type chickens.

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Effect of hypophysectomy on lipogenesis and glycogenesis in cockerels

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Poultry Growth: Required, Optimal, or Ineffective?

Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Poultry Growth: Required, Optimal, or Ineffective?

Hormones and Growth in Poultry

Effect of Subcutaneous Infusion of Pituitary-Derived Chicken Growth Hormone on Growth Performance of Broiler Pullets

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