Effect of hydraulic retention time on palm oil mill effluent treatment in horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland

Sa’at, Siti Kamariah Md; Zaman, Nastaein Qamaruz; Yusoff, Mohd Suffian

doi:10.1063/1.5117075

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Phosphorous removal in the constructed wetland is attributed to sorption on sand bed medium and precipitation with calcium. The selection of medium plays a significant role in the elimination of phosphorous (Saeed & Sun 2017;Sa'At et al 2019). The role of macrophytes is always secondary.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Phosphorous Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effective performance requires optimum design characteristics. The main mechanism influence the performance are Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT), Hydraulic and Organic loading rate, temperature, vegetation type and porous media wherein HRT is considered as one of the significant parameters (Sa'At et al 2019). Several studies showed that the Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands (VSSF CWs) are effective in treating wide verities of wastewater in urban areas but a very limited number of studies have been carried out in the rural areas of the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation on the performance evaluation of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for the treatment of rural wastewater

Shruthi¹,

Shivashankara

2021

Water Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In rural country like India, low cost and decentralized treatment unit like vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF CW) can be reflected as a novel wastewater system. In this concern a pilot-scale VSSF CW unit of size 0.92 m × 0.92 m × 0.85 m bed planted with a Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis was operated for a 12-month duration to treat the simulated rural wastewater. During the operation, a constant head arrangement was done to maintain a continuous flow to achieve 5 different Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days in each seasons such as winter, summer and rainy to investigate the performance of unit under different retention time. Reactor showed optimum removal efficiency at 6 days HRT at 12.5 cm/day Hydraulic Loading Rate (HLR) for organic matter removal. Both macrophytes and microbial biomass of filter media were effectively treated the rural wastewater. Average removal efficiency of the reactor during entire study were 64.73%–88.80% for Chemical Oxygen Demand, 74.96%–95.34% for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, 40.13%–79.45% for Ammonia Nitrogen, 25.36%–65.65% for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, 22.86%–58.48% for Phosphate phosphorus, 23.50%–55.45% for Total phosphorous, 74.91%–98.59% for Faecal Coliforms and 71.14%–95.31% for Total Coliforms respectively. Two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey's test showed that HRT had a significant impact on removal efficiency but not the season. Overall performance of the unit was good and study suggested that VSSF CW can be an smart alternative technology to treat rural wastewater before the final disposal.

show abstract

Section: Evaluation Of Phosphorous Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the performance evaluation of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for the treatment of rural wastewater

Shruthi¹,

Shivashankara

2021

Water Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Constructed wetlands can be designed based on the existing synergies among various elements of the ecosystem – that is, supporting media, macrophytes and microorganisms to treat various types of wastewater 16,19,20 . In other words, this modern flexible technology is an engineered system that mimics nature to treat wastewater through physical, chemical and biological processes such as assimilation, biodegradation, metabolism, adsorption, precipitation, sedimentation, volatilization, plant uptake and microbial degradation 21,22 . Among the different configurations of constructed wetland, horizontal subsurface flow has been one of the most widely used solutions for treatment of wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, subsurface flow constructed wetland provides the additional advantage of minimization of odor problems 23 . Recently, many studies have demonstrated the efficiency of constructed wetlands for food processing wastewater treatment such as catfish processing wastewater, 24 slaughterhouse wastewater, 23 bulk milk cooling tank, 19 olive mill wastewater, 20,25 fish processing plant, 26 abattoir effluents, 27 palm oil extraction process, 21 dairy wastewater, 1,8,10,28,29 coffee processing, 30,31 and fruit and vegetation processing plant 32 . However, at the best of our knowledge, the treatment of real industrial dairy wastewater via horizontal subsurface flow‐constructed wetlands without any pretreatment has not been widely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green sustainable technology for biotreatment of actual dairy wastewater in constructed wetland

Mohammed

Ismail

2020

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Due to the environmental problems caused by food processing wastewaters and their complex and expensive treatment methods, it becomes mandatory to seek a sound, sustainable and environmentally friendly solution such as constructed wetland (CW). This study aimed to investigate the potential of treating real dairy wastewater in CW. Six horizontal subsurface flow CW microcosms were set up using different conventional and cost‐effective supporting media, which were gravel, soil and sand. All the CWs were fueled continuously with real fresh dairy wastewater. Five of the six CW microcosms were planted with Canna indica. The remaining CW microcosm was kept unplanted and was considered as a control microcosm. RESULTS The results revealed significant removal efficiencies of organic matter (as chemical oxygen demand) up to 89.92%, 97.6%, 95.8%, 97.2%, 97.3% and 98.2%, for CW1, CW2, CW3, CW4, CW5 and CW6, respectively. Also, high removal efficiencies of ammonium were observed in the range of 98.4–82.0%, whereas removal efficiencies of total suspended solids were in the range of 99.2–93.4%. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the dominant mechanisms for organics and ammonium removal were biodegradation processes. These promising results confirmed the validity of using constructed wetland as a sustainable cost‐effective approach for dairy wastewater treatment. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

show abstract

Blue–Green Infrastructure for Flood and Water Quality Management in Southeast Asia: Evidence and Knowledge Gaps

Hamel

Tan

2021

Environmental Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Southeast Asia, projections of rapid urban growth coupled with high water-related risks call for large investments in infrastructure—including in blue–green infrastructure (BGI) such as forests, parks, or vegetated engineered systems. However, most of the knowledge on BGI is produced in the global North, overlooking the diversity of urban contexts globally. Here, we review the literature on BGI for flood risk mitigation and water quality improvement in Southeast Asian cities to understand the scope of practical knowledge and identify research needs. We searched for evidence of local types of BGI in peer-reviewed and grey literature and assessed the performance of BGI based on hydrological, societal, and environmental metrics. The body of literature on BGI in Southeast Asia is small and dominated by wealthier countries but we found evidence of uptake among researchers and practitioners in most countries. Bioretention systems, constructed wetlands, and green cover received the most attention in research. Evidence from modelling and laboratory studies confirmed the potential for BGI to address flooding and water quality issues in the region. However, practical knowledge to mainstream the implementation of BGI remains limited, with insufficient primary hydrological data and information on societal and environmental impacts. In addition, the performance of BGI in combination with grey infrastructure, under climate change, or in informal settlements is poorly studied. Future research and practice should focus on producing and sharing empirical data, ultimately increasing the regional knowledge base to promote efficient BGI strategies.

show abstract

Effect of hydraulic retention time on palm oil mill effluent treatment in horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Investigation on the performance evaluation of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for the treatment of rural wastewater

Investigation on the performance evaluation of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for the treatment of rural wastewater

Green sustainable technology for biotreatment of actual dairy wastewater in constructed wetland

Blue–Green Infrastructure for Flood and Water Quality Management in Southeast Asia: Evidence and Knowledge Gaps

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About