Effect of hybridization and compatibilization on the mechanical properties of recycled polypropylene‐hemp composites

Kakroodi, Adel Ramezani; Leduc, Simon; Rodrigue, Denis

doi:10.1002/app.35264

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As expected, density increased with total fiber content (Table 1), but particle size ratio had no significant effect. These results are in agreement with those reported by Ramezani-Kakroodi et al [11].…”

Section: Densitysupporting

confidence: 95%

Injection molded self‐hybrid composites based on polypropylene and natural fibers

et al. 2013

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Self-hybrid thermoplastic composites (combination of two fiber sizes) were obtained by injection molding using pine or agave fibers with polypropylene (PP). The effect of self-hybridization was determined through mechanical properties and water absorption for different total fiber contents between 10 and 30% wt. The results showed that impact strength (30% of fiber) and tensile modulus (20% of fiber) were improved by selfhybridization compared with composites formulated with only one fiber size. Flexural properties were not improved by self-hybridization. On the other hand, the combination of two fiber sizes had no effect on the water absorption behavior of these composites. Overall, the total fiber content was found to be an important parameter with 20% being the optimum condition where self-hybridization provides the best mechanical properties.

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Section: Densitysupporting

confidence: 95%

Injection molded self‐hybrid composites based on polypropylene and natural fibers

et al. 2013

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“…As one kind of polymer based composites, wood/polymer composites (WPCs) have emerged as both constructive and decorative materials. They are rarely used as load‐bearing materials due to their inferior mechanical strength compared with natural wood . Using inorganic particles like silica, MMT, titanium dioxide, and calcium carbonate is an alternative to enhance WPC's thermal properties, mechanical properties, and water resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are rarely used as load-bearing materials due to their inferior mechanical strength compared with natural wood. [16,17] Using inorganic particles like silica, MMT, titanium dioxide, and calcium carbonate is an alternative to enhance WPC's thermal properties, mechanical properties, and water resistance. Among these particles, silica and MMT have been widely used as fillers in the WPC frication.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved mechanical properties and hydrophobicity on wood flour reinforced composites: Incorporation of silica/montmorillonite nanoparticles in polymers

et al. 2019

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Silica/montmorillonite hybrid nanoparticles were prepared to modify high‐density polyethylene which was used to fabricate wood/polymer composites (WPC). Surface modification of hybrids with γ‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS) increased water contact angles from 10.7°to 88.1°and decreased the content of hydroxyl groups (42% relative OH content), indicating the successful grafting of MPTS. Compared with silica, the layered structure of montmorillonite (MMT) provided a better barrier (tortuous paths) for water penetration, and the incorporation of silica in hybrids provided more sites for MPTS grafting. Both of them resulted in the improvement on hydrophobicity for hybrids and WPCs. In the WPC system, some silicas in modified hybrids were not only dispersed in the polymer matrix but also penetrated into the cell wall of wood flours (WF) owing to the extruded process. The MMT in hybrids could mainly cover the WF surface. This distribution of hybrids could improve the WF mechanical strength and interfacial compatibility between the WF and polymer with the help of MPTS, resulting in enhanced mechanical properties of the composites. Compared with control (without nanoparticles), the tensile strength, impact strength, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of the WPC with modified hybrids incorporation increased by 31%, 47%, 18%, and 28%, respectively.

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“…One important aspect of hybrid composites is that synergistic effects can be produced between the different reinforcement used leading to properties much higher than expected, especially when using the simple linear rule of hybrid mixtures (RoHM). [5,6] For example, Ramezani Kakroodi et al [7] combined different concentration of hemp fibers in polypropylene and observed that for a total hemp content of 20% wt., an optimum tensile modulus of 518 MPa was obtained for a 20/80 (weight ratio) of short/long fibers compared to a composite having 100% short fibers (425 MPa) or 100% long fibers (472 MPa). The effect was also seen at 30% wt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tensile modulus as a function of composition for hemp fibers (h) in a polypropylene (PP) matrix. The first and second numbers report the total fiber content (wt.%) and the amount of long fibers (%) compared to short ones [7] 2 Modeling…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastic modulus prediction for hybrid polymer composites

Rodrigue

2019

Mater Eng Res

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To improve on the mechanical properties of polymers in general, the concept of hybrid composites was developed by using two or more different reinforcements in the same matrix, or by using two or more different sizes of the same reinforcement (auto-hybrid composites). In this case, most of the literature results showed that the resulting elastic modulus can be well approximated by the simple rule of mixture (linear additive law) from the tensile modulus of each reinforcement used alone. But is some cases, a positive deviation from this linear approximation was reported up to a point where an optimum composition can give a modulus above the value of both reinforcements used separately. In this work, a simple model is presented to show that positive deviations are possible and the optimum reinforcement ratio is around 25/75 in terms of the lowest/highest reinforcing particle. The model is also compared with literature data where good qualitative agreements are obtained as a first approximation.

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Effect of hybridization and compatibilization on the mechanical properties of recycled polypropylene‐hemp composites

Cited by 44 publications

References 27 publications

Injection molded self‐hybrid composites based on polypropylene and natural fibers

Injection molded self‐hybrid composites based on polypropylene and natural fibers

Improved mechanical properties and hydrophobicity on wood flour reinforced composites: Incorporation of silica/montmorillonite nanoparticles in polymers

Elastic modulus prediction for hybrid polymer composites

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