“…This is because at high speed the imbalance between the printing movements and the extrusion ratethe amount of material deposited per unit of timemay cause stretching, ruptures and under-deposition, thereby reducing the quality (Le-Bail et al, 2020). On the other hand, the printability of food materials, defined by the ease of flow through the nozzle, a good adhesion between layers and the capability to keep the weight of overlying layers, is greatly affected by the chemical composition of any food formula and the natural variability of each utilised ingredients (Zhu et al, 2019a(Zhu et al, , 2019bNijdam et al, 2021aNijdam et al, , 2021bNijdam et al, , 2021cTian et al, 2021). In fact, the majority of the scientific publication reports specific settings for the most important printing variables (i.e.…”