Effect of host factors and COVID-19 infection on the humoral immune repertoire in treated HIV

Schnittman, Samuel R; Jung, Wonyeong; Fitch, Kathleen V.; Zanni, Markella V.; McCallum, Sara; Lee, Jessica Shih-Lu; Shin, Sally; Davis, Brandon; Fulda, Evelynne S; Diggs, Marissa R; Giguel, Françoise; Chinchay, Romina; Sheth, Anandi N.; Fichtenbaum, Carl J.; Malvestutto, Carlos; Aberg, Judith A.; Currier, Judith S.; Lauffenburger, Douglas A.; Douglas, Pamela S.; Ribaudo, Heather J.; Alter, Galit; Grinspoon, Steven

doi:10.1172/jci.insight.166848

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…Although there is no indication of sex- and age-based differences in autophagy with PLWH, there are some proving distinct biological differences regarding protective immunity against HIV-1 between women and men, as well as in middle-aged and elderly patients. For example, the levels of immune hyperactivation in T-cells and inflammation, which are hallmarks of chronic HIV-1 infection despite ART, differ between men and women and could be a central mechanism in the sex differences observed in the rate of HIV-1 disease progression [ 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ]. Furthermore, data show that there are sex-based differences in mortality and CD4 T-cell responses among ART-treated PLWH [ 95 ].…”

Section: Clinical Parameters In Plwh May Impact the Efficacy Of Autop...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Autophagy to Overcome Antigen-Specific T-Cell Dysfunction: Implication for People Living with HIV-1

Ghahari,

Telittchenko,

Loucif

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Like other chronic viral infections, HIV-1 persistence inhibits the development of antigen-specific memory T-cells, resulting in the exhaustion of the immune response and chronic inflammation. Autophagy is a major lysosome-dependent mechanism of intracellular large-target degradation such as lipid and protein aggregates, damaged organelles, and intracellular pathogens. Although it is known that autophagy may target HIV-1 for elimination, knowledge of its function as a metabolic contributor in such viral infection is only in its infancy. Recent data show that elite controllers (EC), who are HIV-1-infected subjects with natural and long-term antigen (Ag)-specific T-cell protection against the virus, are characterized by distinct metabolic autophagy-dependent features in their T-cells compared to other people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). Despite durable viral control with antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1-specific immune dysfunction does not normalize in non-controller PLWH. Therefore, the hypothesis of inducing autophagy to strengthen their Ag-specific T-cell immunity against HIV-1 starts to be an enticing concept. The aim of this review is to critically analyze promises and potential limitations of pharmacological and dietary interventions to activate autophagy in an attempt to rescue Ag-specific T-cell protection among PLWH.

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Section: Clinical Parameters In Plwh May Impact the Efficacy Of Autop...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Autophagy to Overcome Antigen-Specific T-Cell Dysfunction: Implication for People Living with HIV-1

Ghahari,

Telittchenko,

Loucif

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In summary, SARS-CoV-2 binding antibody levels and seropositivity were either positively or not associated with BMI and DM. Explaining the discrepant directionality of these findings is a priority research area moving forward, including accounting for the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific antibodies (subclass, isotype, FcR binding capacity) [ 77 ], DM and adiposity subtypes, and clinical manifestations [ 78 , 79 ] and nonlinearity of associations.…”

Section: Prevaccination Eramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b 90 studies were included. Two multi-site studies were excluded because the number of participants was reported in aggregate and not stratified by geographic location [ 77 , 101 ]. …”

Section: Postacute Sequelae Of Covid-19: New-onset Type 1 Diabetes Me...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectionality between Cardiometabolic Diseases and COVID-19: Role of Humoral Immunity

Jackman

Glesby

et al. 2023

Advances in Nutrition

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Clinical outcomes and immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection among people living with HIV

Amegashie,

Asamoah,

Ativi

et al. 2024

Exp. Biol. Med.

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People living with HIV (PLWH) usually suffer from co-infections and co-morbidities including respiratory tract infections. SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to cause respiratory infections. There are uncertainties in the disease severity and immunological response among PLWH who are co-infected with COVID-19. This review outlines the current knowledge on the clinical outcomes and immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 among PLWH. Literature was searched in Google scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct conforming with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines from studies published from January 2020 to June 2023. A total of 81 studies from 25 countries were identified, and RT-PCR was used in confirming COVID-19 in 80 of the studies. Fifty-seven studies assessed risk factors and clinical outcomes in HIV patients co-infected with COVID-19. Thirty-nine of the studies indicated the following factors being associated with severe outcomes in HIV/SARS-CoV-2: older age, the male sex, African American race, smoking, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, low CD4+ count, high viral load, tuberculosis, high levels of inflammatory markers, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, interruption, and delayed initiation of ART. The severe outcomes are patients’ hospitalization, admission at intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, and death. Twenty (20) studies, however, reported no difference in clinical presentation among co-infected compared to mono-infected individuals. Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection was investigated in 25 studies, with some of the studies reporting high levels of inflammatory markers, T cell exhaustion and lower positive conversion rate of IgG in PLWH. There is scanty information on the cytokines that predisposes to severity among HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infected individuals on combined ART. More research work should be carried out to validate co-infection-related cytokines and/or immune markers to SARS-CoV-2 among PLWH.

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Effect of host factors and COVID-19 infection on the humoral immune repertoire in treated HIV

Cited by 3 publications

References 98 publications

Harnessing Autophagy to Overcome Antigen-Specific T-Cell Dysfunction: Implication for People Living with HIV-1

Harnessing Autophagy to Overcome Antigen-Specific T-Cell Dysfunction: Implication for People Living with HIV-1

Bidirectionality between Cardiometabolic Diseases and COVID-19: Role of Humoral Immunity

Clinical outcomes and immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection among people living with HIV

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