Effect of high temperature on grain filling period, yield, amylose content and activity of starch biosynthesis enzymes in endosperm of basmati rice

Ahmed, Nisar; Tetlow, Ian J.; Nawaz, Shahid; Iqbal, Ahsan; Mubin, Muhammad; Rehman, Muhammad Shah Nawaz ul; Butt, Aisha; Lightfoot, David A.; Maekawa, Masahiko

doi:10.1002/jsfa.6941

Cited by 148 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…We observed that heat stress significantly decreased the Q enzyme and IAA in the spikelets in both genotypes, but higher reduce were shown in superior spikelet than inferiors. This changing pattern was similar to the temperature difference between the superior and inferior spikelets under heat stress, suggesting that the key enzymes including Q enzyme and IAA in spikelets were susceptible to heat stress, which had been confirmed by the previous results (Jin et al, 2005; Tang et al, 2008; Ahmed et al, 2015). Additionally, the greater reduction in the content of IAA shown in superior spikelets induced by heat stress could reduce the apical-grain superiority to mediate grain-filling in inferior spikelets (Wang et al, 2001, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Heat Stress Is More Damaging to Superior Spikelets than Inferiors of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) due to Their Different Organ Temperatures

Feng

Zhang

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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In general, the fertility and kernel weight of inferior spikelets of rice (Oryza Sativa L.) are obviously lower than those of superior spikelets, especially under abiotic stress. However, different responses to heat stress are seemed to show between the superior and inferior spikelet, and this response is scarcely documented that the intrinsic factors remain elusive. In order to reveal the mechanism underlying, two rice plants with different heat tolerance were subjected to heat stress of 40°C at anthesis. The results indicated that a greater decrease in fertility and kernel weight was observed in superior spikelets compared to inferior spikelets. This decrease was primarily ascribed to their different organ temperatures, in which the temperature of the superior spikelets was significantly higher than that of inferior spikelets. We inferred the differences in canopy temperature, light intensity and panicle types, were the primary reasons for the temperature difference between superior and inferior spikelets. Under heat stress, the fertility and kernel weight of superior and inferior spikelets decreased as the panicle numbers per plant were reduced, which was accompanied by significantly increasing the canopy temperatures. Thus, it was suggested that the rice plant with characteristic features of an upright growth habit and loose panicles might be more susceptible to heat stress resulting from their higher canopy and spikelets temperatures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Heat Stress Is More Damaging to Superior Spikelets than Inferiors of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) due to Their Different Organ Temperatures

Feng

Zhang

et al. 2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…These results are in line with previous reports (Piper and Boote 1999;Thomas et al 2003) in which the starch and soluble sugar contents in soybean seeds were found to decrease with rise in temperature. Similar correlations have been observed in other crops such as rice (Ahmed et al 2015) and wheat (Rijven 1986;Zhao et al 2006;Yan et al 2008;Liu et al 2011). The reasons for this phenomenon were supposedly the lower activities of starch synthase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, starch phosphorylase, and soluble starch synthase enzymes involved in sucrose to starch conversion at higher temperatures (Rijven 1986).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Environmental Stability and Correlation of Soybean Seed Starch with Protein and Oil Contents

Dhungana

Kulkarni

Kim

et al. 2017

Plant Breed. Biotech.

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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT Seed starch content (SSC) is a decisive factor influencing soy food quality. Variation in SSC affects the composition of major components, oil, and protein in soybean seeds. Therefore, understanding G × E interaction of SSC is important to produce soybeans with stable SSC. In the present study, G × E interactions of 17 soybean genotypes having different SSC (0.24-1.48%) and correlation of SSC with crude protein (CP) and crude fat (CF) were investigated. The genotypes were evaluated for SSC and other traits at two planting dates across three locations over two years (2015 and 2016). The genotype × year, genotype × location, and genotype × year × location interactions were found to be significant (P ≤ 0.001) for SSC, CP, and CF. The average SSC content was found to be higher in 2015 than in 2016. Late planted soybeans contained higher SSC than the early planting soybeans. The SSC was negatively affected by the average daily mean and minimum temperatures and cloudiness during the pod-filling stage. Based on the mean rank, IT189276 (1.39%) was observed to be the most stable genotype among the high starch containing soybeans. Significant (P ≤ 0.0001) negative correlations were found between SSC and CP as well as CP and CF contents. However, a significant (P ≤ 0.05) positive correlation was observed between SSC and CF content. Results of this study showed that SSC affects the seed protein and oil contents and is significantly influenced by the growing environments.

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“…In other way, AGPase has been also considered as a key enzyme participating in the starch synthesis, and its activity is associated with rate and quantity of starch synthesis (Ahmadi & Baker, 2001;Yang et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2017). AGPase at the early grain filling stage were decreased as result of supra-optimal temperatures (Ahmed et al, 2015); under other abiotic stress, as such water deficit, SuSase and AGPase had its activities levels influenced. Our results suggest that the bigger capacity of N22 to maintain higher soluble sugar levels (fructose, glucose and sucrose) at milk stage can have contributed to their better yield component stability across night temperatures imposed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Structural Carbohydrates Accumulation in Contrasting Rice Genotypes Subjected to High Night Temperatures

Moura¹,

Brito²,

Campos³

et al. 2017

JAS

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Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) accumulation and photosynthesis traits were studied in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes maintained under control (22/30 °C -night/day) and at high night temperatures (HNT) (28/30 °C) conditions from heading to milk stage. Rice cultivars were Nagina22 -N22 and BRS Querência -Quer, which are tolerant and sensitive to high temperatures, respectively. The source-sink flow related attributes were tested to understand the nature of NSC accumulation and translocation. Compared to N22, Quer maintained higher stem starch in glucose on seventh day after heading and at milk stage independently of imposed temperatures. However, the levels of starch in glucose were lower for N22 meanwhile their total sugar concentration (TSC) were higher at control and at HNT at milk stage as compared to Quer. N22 maintained unaltered the spikelet sterility and 1000-grain weight across environments showing a consistent trend with its stem NSC translocation. Both genotypes showed similarity in some gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence performance suggesting unaffected photosystem II photochemistry, linear electron flux, and CO 2 assimilation. Beyond indicating that source functioning was not the limiting factor for low TSC and starch in glucose levels found in N22 on seventh day after heading stage. Moreover, our data suggest that the higher translocation capacity shown by N22 can be involved in their lower spikelet sterility and 1000-grain weight stability across the environments. These results indicate that selecting genotypes with higher capacity to stem NSC translocation at HNT could lead to more grain yield stability in future climate scenarios.

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Effect of high temperature on grain filling period, yield, amylose content and activity of starch biosynthesis enzymes in endosperm of basmati rice

Abstract: Results suggest changes in amylose/amylopectin ratio observed in plants grown at 32 °C was attributable to a reduction in activity of GBSS, the sole enzyme responsible for amylose biosynthesis.

Cited by 148 publications

References 46 publications

Heat Stress Is More Damaging to Superior Spikelets than Inferiors of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) due to Their Different Organ Temperatures

Heat Stress Is More Damaging to Superior Spikelets than Inferiors of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) due to Their Different Organ Temperatures

Environmental Stability and Correlation of Soybean Seed Starch with Protein and Oil Contents

Non-Structural Carbohydrates Accumulation in Contrasting Rice Genotypes Subjected to High Night Temperatures

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