Effect of High Temperature on the Electrochemical and Optical Properties of Emeraldine Salt Doped with DBSA and Sulfuric Acid

Gul, Sadaf; Shah, Anwar‐ul‐Haq Ali; Bilal, Salma

doi:10.1155/2015/826358

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Both the materials displayed three different steps of weight loss in the temperature range from 25 to 800 °C. The first weight loss step from 25 to 150 °C corresponds to the evaporation of water or unreacted monomer trapped inside the PANI micropores. , No further weight loss was detected in the temperature range from 150 to 260 °C for both PANI and AuNP-PANI hybrid, illustrating that both materials are stable up to 260 °C. The TGA analysis, thus, confirmed that the incorporation of AuNPs has no influence on the thermal stability of PANI.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Site-Selective, Low-Loading, Au Nanoparticle–Polyaniline Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Conductivity for Fuel Cells

Zhang

Sharma

2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Ultralow loading of Au nanoparticles (0.038 mg cm–2) and a polyaniline hybrid coating (AuNP-PANI) were deposited on stainless steel (SS316L) coupons. The unique two-step approach utilizing electrochemical deposition via cyclic voltammetry enabled growth of AuNPs in the fibrous PANI micropores thereby achieving enhanced surface coverage of SS316L and minimizing substrate corrosion via blocking of pores. The hybrid coatings revealed significantly low interfacial contact resistance values of 16.6 mΩ cm2 (achieving the US DOE 2017 targets). Potentiodynamic tests revealed the excellent corrosion resistance of AuNP-PANI hybrid coatings with a corrosion potential of 0.61 VSHE, which is positively shifted by 790 and 390 mV as compared to bare SS316L and PANI-SS316L, respectively. The corresponding potentiostatic corrosion current density of AuNP-PANI was reduced to 0.63 μA/cm2 from 2.28 and 0.65 μA/cm2 for bare SS316L and PANI-SS316L samples, respectively, thereby providing excellent stability in the cathodic polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) environment. Extensive electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies showed uniformly placed AuNP bundles with an average cluster size of 16 nm with Au (200) as the most prominent crystallite phase. Thermogravimetric studies revealed that the AuNPs did not affect the thermal stability of PANI which remained stable up to 260 °C which is well above the operating temperature of conventional PEFCs, making them highly suitable for coatings on bipolar plates for enhanced conductivity and corrosion resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Site-Selective, Low-Loading, Au Nanoparticle–Polyaniline Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Conductivity for Fuel Cells

Zhang

Sharma

2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…It is noteworthy that, in aqueous solution polymerization, relatively large temperatures (>50 °C) are usually precluded to avoid the nucleophilic attack of water [ 53 ]. On the other hand, it has been found that dry PANI backbone can withstand up to 500 °C without degradation [ 54 ]. Therefore, water-free MC polymerization of aniline should be better than that using liquid-assisted MC ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Polyanilines and Their Nanocomposites: A Critical Review

Barbero

Acevedo

2022

Polymers

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The mechanochemical synthesis of polyanilines (PANIs), made by oxidative polymerization of anilines, is reviewed. First, previous knowledge of the polymerization reaction in solution is discussed to understand the effect of different parameters: oxidant/monomer ratio, added acid, oxidant, temperature and water content on the properties of the conducting polymers (molecular weight, degradation, doping/oxidation level, conductivity, and nanostructure). The work on mechanochemical polymerization (MCP) of anilines is analyzed in view of previous data in solution, and published data are critically reconsidered to clarify the interpretation of experimental results. A key factor is the production of acids during polymerization, which is often overlooked. The production of gaseous HCl during MCP of aniline hydrochloride is experimentally observed. Since some experiments involves the addition of small amounts of water, the kinetics and heat balance of the reaction with concentrated solutions were simulated. A simple experiment shows fast (<2 min) heating of the reaction mixture to the boiling point of water and temperature increments are observed during MCP in a mortar. The form and sizes of PANI nanostructures made by MCP or solution are compared. The extensive work on the production of nanocomposites by MCP of anilines together with different nanomaterials (porous clays, graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal, and oxide nanoparticles) is also described.

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“…The aliphatic C–H, due to DBSA, is represented by the bands at 2825–2911 cm −1 . The HSO 4 ¯ peak at 651 cm −1 proves the presence of acidic dopants in the PANI film [38]. The FTIR analysis effectively confirms the incorporation of both DBSA and sulfuric acid moieties into the PANI backbone.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Selective and Reproducible Electrochemical Sensing of Ascorbic Acid Through a Conductive Polymer Coated Electrode

2019

Self Cite

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The surface of an Au-disc electrode was modified through electro polymerization of aniline, in the presence of dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid (DBSA) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4) solution. The polymerization conditions were pre-optimized so that micelle formation and solution coagulation could be minimized and surfactant doped polyaniline film could be obtained through a quick, simple and one step polymerization route. The synthesized material was characterized via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The effective surface area of the Au-disc, calculated through cyclic voltammetry, was immensely increased through a polyaniline (PANI) coating (0.04 and 0.11 cm2 for bare and PANI coated gold respectively). The modified electrode was utilized for ascorbic acid (AA) sensing. The changing pH of electrolyte and scan rate influenced the PANI electrode response towards AA. The modified electrode was highly selective towards AA oxidation and showed a very low limit of detection i.e. 0.0267 μmol·L–1. Moreover, the PANI coating greatly reduced the sensing potential for AA by a value of around 140 mV when compared to that on a bare gold electrode.

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Effect of High Temperature on the Electrochemical and Optical Properties of Emeraldine Salt Doped with DBSA and Sulfuric Acid

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Site-Selective, Low-Loading, Au Nanoparticle–Polyaniline Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Conductivity for Fuel Cells

Site-Selective, Low-Loading, Au Nanoparticle–Polyaniline Hybrid Coatings with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Conductivity for Fuel Cells

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Polyanilines and Their Nanocomposites: A Critical Review

Highly Selective and Reproducible Electrochemical Sensing of Ascorbic Acid Through a Conductive Polymer Coated Electrode

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