Effect of high temperature on reduction-controlling reaction rate of agricultural waste chars and coke with steelmaking slag

Yunos, Nur Farhana Diyana Mohd; Najmi, Nur Hazira; Munusamy, Sri Raj Rajeswari; Idris, Muhammad Asri

doi:10.1007/s10973-019-08221-9

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 37 publications

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“…Horizontal tube furnace was applied for the carbothermal reduction process. The experiment setup was explained in previous works [17,18]. The argon gas was supplied at a rate of 0.1 L/min upon the process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Evolution during Carbothermal Reduction of Langkawi Ilmenite Ore at Different Reaction Times

Yunos

Chong

Mohammed

et al. 2020

MSF

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In this research, the carbothermal reduction of Langkawi ilmenite ore, FeTiO3 had been conducted by using coke as carbon reductant. All samples were grinded into size of ≤ 63 µm and pelletized using 2.5 g mixture of ilmenite ore with coke based on C/O molar ratio of 1:3 (carbon to reducible oxygen). The carbothermal reduction was conducted in a horizontal tube furnace using 0.1 L/min of argon gas flow at temperature of 1200°C. The ultimate and proximate analysis of carbon reductant was investigated using carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur (CHONS) analyzer. The phase evolutions and chemical composition analysis was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for raw ilmenite and reduced ilmenite with coke, respectively. The reduction time was set with 2, 3 and 4 hours to understand the phase evolutions. It was found that Langkawi ilmenite ore contained mainly higher TiO2 and hematite, Fe2O3 where the phases of FeTiO3 and titanomagnetite, (Fe2TiO4-Fe3O4) were detected using XRD. The phase of FeTiO3 evolved into the production of Fe, FeO, TiC, TiO2 and Fe3C when increased the reduction time from 2 to 4 hours. The amount of Fe2O3 production was decreased from 59.16 to 47.02 wt%, while higher value of TiO2 was obtained, increasing from 25.2 to 29.1 wt% due to the reduction of TiO2 to Ti3O5 as the reduction time increased. TiC content is also detected when the reduction time increased by reducing TiCxOy into TiC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Evolution during Carbothermal Reduction of Langkawi Ilmenite Ore at Different Reaction Times

Yunos

Chong

Mohammed

et al. 2020

MSF

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Numerical study of mixing and heat transfer of SRF particles in a bubbling fluidized bed

Alagha

Szücs

Szentannai

2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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In this article, numerical investigations on mixing and heat transfer of solid refused fuel (SRF) particles in a bubbling fluidized bed are carried out. The numerical model is based on the Eulerian-Eulerian approach with empirical submodels representing gas-solid and solid-solid interactions. The model is verified by experimental data from the literature. The experimental data include SRF vertical distribution in SRF-sand mixtures of different sand particle sizes ( d pm = 654, 810 and 1110 μ m) at different fluidization velocities ( u∕u mf = 1.2-2.0). We proposed magnification of drag force exerted by the gas on SRF particles based on Haider and Levenspiel (Powder Technol 58 (1): [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] 1989) drag coefficient. The proposed model shows good agreement with the experimental data at high fluidization velocities ( u∕u mf = 1.5-2.0) and poor predictions at low fluidization velocities ( u∕u mf = 1.2-1.5). Heat transfer results showed that the present model is valid and gives good agreement with the experimental data of wall-bed heat transfer coefficient.

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Analytical Nusselt number for forced convection inside a porous-filled tube with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity arising from high-temperature applications

Dehghan

Jamal-Abad

Rashidi

2020

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Effect of high temperature on reduction-controlling reaction rate of agricultural waste chars and coke with steelmaking slag

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Phase Evolution during Carbothermal Reduction of Langkawi Ilmenite Ore at Different Reaction Times

Phase Evolution during Carbothermal Reduction of Langkawi Ilmenite Ore at Different Reaction Times

Numerical study of mixing and heat transfer of SRF particles in a bubbling fluidized bed

Analytical Nusselt number for forced convection inside a porous-filled tube with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity arising from high-temperature applications

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