Effect of high population density environment on skin barrier function in mice

Aioi, Akihiro; Okuda, Makoto; Matsui, Miwako; Tonogaito, Hiroshi; Hamada, Kazuhiko

doi:10.1016/s0923-1811(00)00133-x

Cited by 40 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…According to a report by Aioi et al [1], who used BALB/c mice, no differences in temperature or humidity were observed between housing at 5 mice/cage and housing at 40 mice/cage. From these results, it can be inferred that there were no differences in the temperature or humidity in the cages due to differences in the number of mice housed per cage in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Since a decrease in the water content of the stratum corneum was also observed in HR-1 mice under individual housing conditions, the existence of a mechanism by which the water content of the skin is decreased by the stress of individual rearing in mice of this strain can be inferred. Aioi et al [1] reported that placing BALB/c mice under the stress of overcrowded housing (40 mice/cage) for 1 week was associated with exfoliation and wrinkle formation of the epidermis, a decrease in skin surface conductance, and decreases in ceramide and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, which are moisturizing factors in the stratum corneum. Their report also suggested the existence of a mechanism in mice that decreases the water content of the skin in response to stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Dry Skin in the NOA Mouse Under Individual Housing Conditions: A Potentially Useful Animal Model for Evaluating Moisturizing Effects

et al. 2005

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Dry Skin in the NOA Mouse Under Individual Housing Conditions: A Potentially Useful Animal Model for Evaluating Moisturizing Effects

et al. 2005

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“…32,33) Studies of the effects of population density on physiological parameters showed that several stress-related changes, such as inhibition of body weight gain, reduction of food intake, atrophies of thymus, kidney and ovary, and hypertrophy of the adrenal gland are induced in experimental animals (e.g., mice, rats, guinea pig and gilts) exposed to an isolated or overcrowded environment. 11,[34][35][36][37][38][39] There are some discrepancies of physiological alterations among the reports, but these seem to be due to methodological differences, such as housing conditions, population density and the experimental duration. Taking these differences into account, we designed experiments to examine the effects of isolation and crowding on female hairless mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8) In addition, recent cutaneous biological studies have revealed that immobilization stress and/or overcrowding stress induced a decrease in lipogenesis in sebaceous glands, delay of skin barrier recovery and disruption of the skin barrier in rats, Syrian hamsters, and/or BALB/c mice. [9][10][11] Barrier function and water retention are important cutaneous functions to maintain homeostasis. However, the relationship between stressful stimuli and skin dysfunction has not been established yet.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Active Substances Involved in Skin Dysfunction Induced by Crowding Stress. I. Effect of Crowding and Isolation on Some Physiological Variables, Skin Function and Skin Blood Perfusion in Hairless Mice.

Ishida

Mitsui

Nukaya

et al. 2003

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Human skin functions not only as a barrier to retain the internal components and to protect internal organs from external stimulation or invasion, but also as a sensory organ to maintain homeostasis. In addition, it plays important roles in processes such as thermoregulation, antibody formation, vitamin D formation, lipid secretion, respiration, pigmentation and perception. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Stress disturbs the homeostasis, and may induce various disorders. For example, various kinds of physiological and psychological stress influence the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenocortical axis, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, sympatho-adrenomedullary system and sympathetic nervous system, leading to changes in a number of organs. Stress has been implicated in hypertension, arteriosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and other diseases in clinical and epidemiological studies.7) Skin function should also be influenced by stress, because it is primarily regulated by the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system. This idea is supported by clinical reports showing that some skin disorders, including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, are exacerbated by anxiety. 8)In addition, recent cutaneous biological studies have revealed that immobilization stress and/or overcrowding stress induced a decrease in lipogenesis in sebaceous glands, delay of skin barrier recovery and disruption of the skin barrier in rats, Syrian hamsters, and/or BALB/c mice.9-11) Barrier function and water retention are important cutaneous functions to maintain homeostasis. However, the relationship between stressful stimuli and skin dysfunction has not been established yet.Psychological stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in increases in the levels of glucocorticoids, catecholamines and angiotensin II in the circulating blood. Excess of glucocorticoid and angiotensin II can elevate blood pressure and excess of catecholamine increases cardiac output and peripheral resistance. Thus, stress induces acute hypertonic and chronic circulatory disorders. Hypertension causes hematogeneous disorder in the microvasculature. Therefore, concomitant reduced blood supply may contribute to peripheral ischemia. It is also suggested that mental stress induces transient endothelial dysfunction in humans. 12) Indeed, it is well recognized that psychological stress elevates blood pressure and that long-term stress causes dysfunction of the skin and various organs, such as ovary, kidney, thymus and adrenal glands.Recently, the laser Doppler perfusion-imaging technique has made it possible to map accurately changes of blood perfusion over a large area with good time resolution, and this method has been used to measure microcirculatory changes of the skin, mucosa, kidney and eye. 13,14) It has also been used for detecting abnormal blood flow in pathologically changed skin. 15)In this study, we have examined the relationship between blood perfusion and skin dysfunction mediated by catecholamines in animals exposed to a crowded environment. This approach ha...

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“…Under overcrowded housing conditions, hairless mice (HR-1) were found to exhibit epidermal thickening, accelerated epidermal proliferative activity, a decrease in corneocyte size, and delayed recovery from artificial skin barrier disorders caused by tape stripping [9]. BALB/c mice were found to show moderate exfoliation and slight wrinkle formation on the epidermis and also lowering of skin surface conductance [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Housing Conditions on the Development of Wet Skin Lesions in the NOA Mouse

Kondo

Shiomoto

et al. 2005

Exp. Anim.

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Effect of high population density environment on skin barrier function in mice

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Development of Dry Skin in the NOA Mouse Under Individual Housing Conditions: A Potentially Useful Animal Model for Evaluating Moisturizing Effects

Development of Dry Skin in the NOA Mouse Under Individual Housing Conditions: A Potentially Useful Animal Model for Evaluating Moisturizing Effects

Study of Active Substances Involved in Skin Dysfunction Induced by Crowding Stress. I. Effect of Crowding and Isolation on Some Physiological Variables, Skin Function and Skin Blood Perfusion in Hairless Mice.

Effects of Housing Conditions on the Development of Wet Skin Lesions in the NOA Mouse

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