Effect of high parity on occurrence of anemia in pregnancy: a cohort study

Abstract

BackgroundStudies that explore the controversial association between parity and anaemia-in-pregnancy (AIP) were often hampered by not distinguishing incident cases caused by pregnancy from prevalent cases complicated by pregnancy. The authors' aim in conducting this study was to overcome this methodological concern.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in Oman on 1939 pregnancies among 479 parous female participants with available pregnancy records in a community trial. We collected information from participants, the community trial, and health records of each pregnancy. Throughout the follow-up period, we enumerated 684 AIP cases of which 289 (42.2%) were incident cases. High parity (HP, ≥ 5 pregnancies) accounted for 48.7% of total pregnancies. Two sets of regression analyses were conducted: the first restricted to incident cases only, and the second inclusive of all cases. The relation with parity as a dichotomy and as multiple categories was examined for each set; multi-level logistic regression (MLLR) was employed to produce adjusted models.ResultsIn the fully adjusted MLLR models that were restricted to incident cases, women with HP pregnancies had a higher risk of AIP compared to those who had had fewer pregnancies (Risk Ratio, RR = 2.92; 95% CI 2.02, 4.59); the AIP risk increased in a dose-response fashion over multiple categories of parity. In the fully adjusted MLLR models that included all cases, the association disappeared (RR = 1.11; 95% CI 0.91, 1.18) and the dose-response pattern flattened.ConclusionsThis study shows the importance of specifying which cases of AIP are incident and provides supportive evidence for a causal relation between parity and occurrence of incidental AIP.

Placental malarial parasitaemia and pregnancy outcome among parturients in a tertiary hospital in South- South Nigeria

“…This finding agrees with a study by Al-Farsi, et al where he found that anaemia in pregnancy was three times higher in high parity women compared with low parity pregnancies. 27 Also, van Eijk et al had found that HIV positivity is an important independent risk factor for anaemia in pregnancy. 28 Another complication of placental malaria is fetal anaemia which is thought to result from the exposure of the fetus to malaria antigens following the damage of the placental barrier.…”

Kejadian Anemia pada Ibu Hamil Ditinjau dari Paritas dan Usia

“…Hasil penelitian Ridayanti (2012), menyebutkan bahwa ibu hamil primigravida yang mengalami anemia kehamilan sebesar 44,6% sedangkan ibu multigravida yang mengalami anemia kehamilan sebesar 12,8%. Hal tersebut disebabkan ibu primigravida belum mempunyai pengalaman untuk menjaga kesehatan kehamilan dari kehamilan sebelumnya karena baru pertama kali hamil (Farsi, 2011).…”

The effect of third trimester maternal hemoglobin levels to fetal weight and the week of birth

“…'nın (25) 2011'de Umman'da 1939 gebede yaptıkları bir çalışmada, yüksek paritenin gebelikte anemi insidansını artırdığını göstermişlerdir.…”