Effect of High-Irradiance Light-Curing on Micromechanical Properties of Resin Cements

Peutzfeldt, Anne; Lussi, Adrian; Flury, Simon

doi:10.1155/2016/4894653

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…One study stated it was followed the LCU manufacturer’s protocol without specifying the procedure [ 27 ]. Thirteen studies reported in detail the irradiation technique applied [ 10 , 11 , 14 , 16 , 17 , 21 , 22 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the curing combination of standard irradiance & exposure significantly outperformed standard irradiation & short exposure and high irradiance & ultra-short exposure combinations [ 14 ]. The hardness (KHN value) parameter was examined in seven studies [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 27 , 28 , 31 , 33 ]. In accordance with DC values, equivalent or higher degree of microhardness values of resin composites were achieved when 1200 mW/cm 2 was used compared to 3600 mW/cm 2 [ 15 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distinct exposure times were set to obtain two or three levels of radiant exposure, in each light-curing mode. Authors concluded that high irradiance light-curing modes do not impact polymerization of resin-based materials [ 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it remains controversially discussed whether the use of the latest LCUs with very high radiant emittance values may actually require longer exposure than the values suggested by the manufacturer to properly cure resin-based materials [ 6 ]. Some authors of the reviewed studies question the “concept of exposure reciprocity” that assumes that when applying the same radiant exposure, the degree of conversion will be the same, regardless of the irradiance level or time of exposure [ 36 ] and assume that such relationship cannot be established to resin-based dental materials when using high-power LCUs [ 15 , 16 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]; others, on the other hand, agree on the potential of these units in reducing irradiation time without a significant loss of material properties [ 10 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 31 ]. Some unexpected results found in the reviewed studies may be explained by the mismatch between the stated radiant emittance and the actual emitted values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Power LED Units Currently Available for Dental Resin-Based Materials—A Review

et al. 2021

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The pursuit of less time-consuming procedures led to the development of high-power light-curing-units (LCU) to light-cure dental-resin-based-materials. This review aims to describe high-power light-emitting-diode (LED)-LCUs, by a bibliometric systematization of in vitro and in vivo studies. The research-question, by PICO model, aimed to assess the current knowledge on dentistry-based high-power LED-LCUs by analyzing to what extent their use can promote adverse events on materials and patients’ oral condition when compared to low-power LED-LCUs, on daily dental practice. PubMed and B-on database search focused on high-power (≥2000 mW/cm2) LED-LCUs outputs. Studies assessing performance of high-power LED-LCUs for light-curing dental-resin-based-materials were included. From 1822 screened articles, 21 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Thirty-two marketed units with high levels of radiant emittance (≥2000 mW/cm2 up to 6000 mW/cm2) were identified. Most output values vary on 2000–3000 mW/cm2. The highest output found was 6000 mW/cm2, in FlashMax™P3. Reports suggest that light-curing protocols with lower emittance irradiance and longer exposure outperforms all other combination, however in some clinical procedures high-power LED-LCUs are advocated when compared to low-power LED-LCUs. Moreover, long time exposures and over-curing can be dangerous to the biological vital pulp, and other oral tissues. Evidence showing that high-power LCUs are the best clinical option is still very scarce.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Power LED Units Currently Available for Dental Resin-Based Materials—A Review

et al. 2021

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“…All data were collected at 25 °C ± 1 °C and 60 ± 5% humidity conditions and shielded from ambient and room light. Before the measurements, all specimens were placed in the dark for 15 min [ 21 ]. According to the statistical analysis, when the mean value of HV and DC of certain experimental groups did not have significantly different mean values of HV and DC from that of the control group, the minimum RE of the experimental groups was considered the minimum RE to trigger an adequate polymerization of the resin cements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum Radiant Exposure and Irradiance for Triggering Adequate Polymerization of a Photo-Polymerized Resin Cement

Lin

Zheng

et al. 2021

Materials

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This study aimed to establish the minimum radiant exposure and irradiance to trigger an adequate polymerization of a photo-polymerized resin cement. In total, 220 disc-shaped specimens (diameter of 10 mm and thickness of 0.1 mm) were fabricated using a photo-polymerized resin cement (Variolink N-transparent, Ivoclar Vivadent). To investigate the minimum radiant exposure, the specimens were polymerized with radiant exposures of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 18 J/cm2 (n = 20). During polymerization, the irradiance was maintained at 200 mW/cm2. To investigate the minimum irradiance, the specimens were polymerized with irradiances of 50, 100, 150, and 200 mW/cm2 (n = 20). During polymerization, the radiant exposure was maintained at the previously determined minimum radiant exposure. The Vickers microhardness (HV) and degree of conversion (DC) of the carbon double bond of the specimens were measured to determine the degree of polymerization of the specimens. The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). In the investigation of the minimum radiant exposure, the HV and DC of the specimens polymerized with a radiant exposure from 1 to 5 J/cm2 were significantly lower than those with 18 J/cm2 (all p < 0.05). However, no significant difference in HV and DC was found between the specimens polymerized with 6 J/cm2 and 18 J/cm2 (p > 0.05). In the investigation of the minimum irradiance, the specimens polymerized with an irradiance of 50 mW/cm2 had significantly lower HV and DC than the specimens polymerized with an irradiance of 200 mW/cm2 (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference in the HV and DC was found among the specimens cured with irradiances of 100, 150, and 200 mW/cm2 (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the minimum radiant exposure and irradiance to trigger an adequate polymerization of the light-cured resin cement were 6 J/cm2 and 100 mW/cm2, respectively.

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Resin viscosity determines the condition for a valid exposure reciprocity law in dental composites

et al. 2020

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Objective-To provide conditions for the validity of the exposure reciprocity law as it pertains to the photopolymerization of dimethacrylate-based dental composites Methods-Composites made from different mass ratios of resin blends (Bis-GMA/TEGDMA and UDMA/TEGDMA) and silanized micro-sized glass fillers were used. All the composites used camphorquinone and ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate as the photo initiator system. A cantilever beam-based instrument (NIST SRI 6005) coupled with NIR spectroscopy and a microprobe thermocouple was used to simultaneously measure the degree of conversion (DC), the polymerization stress (PS) due to the shrinkage, and the temperature change (TC) in real time during the photocuring process. The instrument had an integrated LED light curing unit providing irradiances ranging from 0.01 W/cm 2 to 4 W/cm 2 at a peak wavelength of 460 nm (blue light). Vickers hardness of the composites was also measured.Results-For every dental composite there exists a minimum radiant exposure required for an adequate polymerization (i.e., insignificant increase in polymerization with further increase in the radiant exposure). This minimum predominantly depends on the resin viscosity of composite and can be predicted using an empirical equation established based on the test results. If the radiant exposure is above this minimum, the exposure reciprocity law is valid with respect to DC for highfill composites (filler contents > 50% by mass) while invalid for low-fill composites (that are clinically irrelevant).Significance-The study promotes better understanding on the applicability of the exposure reciprocity law for dental composites. It also provides a guidance for altering the radiant exposure, *

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Effect of High-Irradiance Light-Curing on Micromechanical Properties of Resin Cements

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

High-Power LED Units Currently Available for Dental Resin-Based Materials—A Review

High-Power LED Units Currently Available for Dental Resin-Based Materials—A Review

Minimum Radiant Exposure and Irradiance for Triggering Adequate Polymerization of a Photo-Polymerized Resin Cement

Resin viscosity determines the condition for a valid exposure reciprocity law in dental composites

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