Effect of High-Frequency Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation on Motor Performance in Intracerebral Haemorrhage: A Clinical Trial

Effects of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation for the upper limb after stroke: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…rPMS protocols of the studies were heterogeneous, with 20–50 Hz frequency, 600–5000 pulses, 15–30 min, and 8–20 sessions of magnetic intervention. Two studies used muscle contraction threshold [ 14 , 16 ] and there used maximal stimulator output to determine the treatment intensity [ 15 , 17 , 18 ]. Moreover, magnetic coils were placed mostly on the extensors and flexors of the upper extremity [ [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] ]; one was applied to the axilla for stimulation of the brachial plexus [ 18 ].…”

“…For the primary outcome, motor impairment as measured by the FM-UE, data were available from 4 trials involving 162 participants [ 14 , 15 , 17 , 18 ]. Patients in the rPMS group showed better improvement (mean difference [MD], 5.39 [95% CI, 4.26 to 6.52]; P < 0.001; I 2 = 0%; fixed-effects model; [ Fig.…”

“…There was a significant difference in the proximal muscle strength (SMD, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.10 to 1.06]; P = 0.02; I 2 = 0%; 2 trials; 70 participants; [ Fig. 2 C]) [ 15 , 18 ], but not in the distal muscle strength (SMD, 1.18 [95% CI, −1.00 to 3.36]; P = 0.29; I 2 = 93%; 2 trials; 70 participants; [ Fig. 2 D]) [ 15 , 18 ].…”

“…Although the clinical effects of rPMS have been explored in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs), a meta-analysis of its pooled effectiveness that specifically focused on the upper limb is lacking [ [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] ]. The Cochrane reviews by Sakai and colleagues preliminarily found that rPMS could significantly improve ADL and functional ability but not upper limb motor function after stroke [ 19 , 20 ].…”

The effects of combined high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and cervical nerve root magnetic stimulation on upper extremity motor recovery following stroke

“…Struppler et al (2007) study on eight patients with mild paralysis after focal cerebral ischemia found that after repeated PMS, the recovery of hand function and the decrease of spasticity were related to the significant increase of neural activation within the superior posterior parietal lobe and the premotor cortex areas. Ke et al (2022) randomized controlled trial showed that highfrequency (20 Hz) repetitive peripheral magnetic can significantly improve motor function and proximal muscle strength of the upper and lower limbs of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. An animal experiment (Zheng et al, 2022) found that the nerve root magnetic stimulation enhanced nerve conduction in the injured spinal cord and promoted the recovery of synaptic ultrastructure in the sensorimotor cortex.…”