Effect of High-Fat and High-Protein Diets on Toxicity of Parathion and Dichlorvos

Abstract

Growing male rats that weighed 120 +/- 5 g were kept for 30 days on the following synthetic diets: high protein diet (HPD), 59% casein; high fat diet (HFD), 50% saturated fat; and normal diet (ND), 19% casein, 10% saturated fat, and 60% sucrose. Other essential dietary ingredients were included in all the diets. All animals were injected at the end of the 30-day period with parathion [10 mg/kg intraperitoneal (ip) injection as a single dose] or dichlorvos (30 mg/kg ip as a single dose) to compare the effect of dietary pretreatments on mortality from parathion and dichlorvos. A lower dose of parathion (7.5 mg/kg) and dichlorvos (20 mg/kg) was employed in another set of experiments to compare the spontaneous regeneration of plasma and red blood cell (RBC) cholinesterase (ChE) activity at 2 hr, 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days after administration of parathion or dichlorvos. The effect of these diets on hepatic microsomal oxidases was also determined. Results showed that diets per se did not affect initial plasma and RBC ChE activity. The HPD and HFD significantly protected against mortality from parathion but not from dichlorvos. Hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 and aminopyrine demethylase activity were unchanged, but aniline hydroxylase activity was increased significantly by HPD and HFD. Parathion oxidase in hepatic microsomes was significantly increased in rats fed HFD only. For the HPD, spontaneous regeneration of ChE diminished in RBCs in parathion-intoxicated rats and in plasma and RBCs of dichlorvos-intoxicated rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Health Care for Pesticide Applicators in a Locust Eradication Campaign in Kuwait (1988–1989)

“…The control group was slightly heavier (81.1 kg) than the two study groups, which had a mean weight of 77 kg; no significant difference was found (F ratio 0.679). Height and weight measurements are important because OP pesticides have been reported to affect dietary intake (Campbell and Hayes, 1974), although Purushottam and Srivastava (1984) found no significant difference in the reactions of rats on highprotein or high-fat diets to OP compounds.…”

Cardiac Effects of Magnesium Sulfate Pretreatment on Acute Dichlorvos-Induced Organophosphate Poisoning: An Experimental Study in Rats

“…Experimental Design and Serum/Tissue Sampling Thirty-three rats were randomly divided into three groups: group 1 (control group, n=8) received corn oil (1 ml/kg) as a vehicle of dichlorvos; group 2 (dichlorvos group, n=15) received 30 mg/kg of dichlorvos [16]; and group 3 (MgSO 4 group, n=10) received 200 mg/kg of MgSO 4 immediately before 30 mg/kg dichlorvos administration [17]. All drugs and vehicle were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.…”

Effects of a selective Rho‐kinase inhibitor Y‐27632 on oxidative stress parameters in acute dichlorvos poisoning in rats

“…Dichlorvos in corn oil 15,16 was given intraperitoneally at a dose level of 30 mg kg À1 body weight. 17 An equivalent amount of corn oil alone was given in the same way to the control rats. All drugs and vehicle were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.).…”