Effect of high doses of electron beam irradiation on structure and composition of ZnO films prepared by electrochemical and wet chemical depositions on solid and flexible substrates

Nanostructured ZnO and CuI Thin Films on Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Tapes for UV-Shielding Applications

“…The deposition techniques by means of SILAR of ZnO and ZnO:In films using the zinc sulfate cationic precursor were given by us earlier in [14]. In few words, we used from 20 to 400 deposition cycles of SILAR, which were carried out in an aqueous solution of ZnSO4 and NH4OH as cationic precursor.…”

“…As seen from Table 1, three SILAR modes differ from each other by the film thickness through an adjusting the number of SILAR cycles, by the presence or absence of In in the films, and by the application or not of the initial step for a creation of a bonding seed layer to ensure an adhesion of zinc oxide film with PET. The bonding seed layer was deposited by means of 10 or 20 times repeating process of dipping the PET substrate into aqueous solution contained ZnO and NH4OH for 30 s and drying with hot air as described in [14].…”

“…Crystal lattice microstrains, which mainly were induced by the point defects, were obtained as ɛ  Δd/d (where d is the crystal interplanar spacing according to JCPDS and Δd is the difference between the corresponding experimental and reference interplanar spacing). Dislocation density was evaluated through 1/D 2 as in [14].…”

“…As UV protective canopies and other UV shields should have large areas, a preference must be given to affordable and mass-production deposition methods. Among such methods, Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) technique allows deposition of the nanostructured doped and undoped ZnO [14] and CuI [11,15] thin films over large areas and suggests low capital expenditure based on simple process equipment.…”