Effect of Heterogeneous Sediment Distributions on Hyporheic Flow in Physical and Numerical Models

Stonedahl, S. H.; Sawyer, Audrey H.; Stonedahl, Forrest; Reiter, Caleb; Gibson, Caleb

doi:10.1111/gwat.12632

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Irregular flow patterns around small-scale (i.e. stones and cobbles) heterogeneities have previously been shown in laboratory flumes (Fox et al 2016;Stonedahl et al 2018) or in numerical studies (Sawyer et al 2011;Hester et al 2013), but have not, to the authors' best knowledge, been identified for in-situ conditions in an active natural stream. Fig.…”

Section: Initial Measurements and Conceptualizationmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The physical extent of the hyporheic zone and the degree to which it varies temporally and spatially is often both highly variable and dependent on the in-situ conditions such as bedform geometry (Cardenas et al 2004;Stonedahl et al 2010;Boano et al 2013;Mermillod-Blondin et al 2015;Malenda et al 2019), stream channel discharge (Maier and Howard 2011;Ward et al 2010;Stonedahl et al 2018;Wu et al 2018) and regional groundwater flow patterns (Marzadri et al 2016;Schmadel et al 2016). Additionally, heterogeneities in both streambed topography and sediment composition influence the hyporheic exchange (Malenda et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pore-scale heterogeneities in the streambed sediments have been shown to impact hydraulic behaviour, characterized by, e.g. the residence time distribution (Briggs et al 2015;Fox et al 2016) or permeability within the hyporheic zone (Zhou et al 2013;Stonedahl et al 2018), and can greatly influence interactions between groundwater and surface water where small heterogeneities such as stones or bathymetric irregularities can drastically change the flow field (Hester et al 2009;Gomez-Velez et al 2014;Zhang et al 2017). Thus, in order to successfully describe an environmental system where the interactions between surface water and groundwater play an important role in transport and ecosystem processes, characterization of these interactions requires an understanding of the spatial nature of the hydraulic behaviour of the hyporheic zone (Ward et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insight into the influence of local streambed heterogeneity on hyporheic-zone flow characteristics

Earon

Riml

et al. 2020

Hydrogeol J

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Interaction between surface water and groundwater plays a fundamental role in influencing aquatic chemistry, where hyporheic exchange processes, distribution of flow paths and residence times within the hyporheic zone will influence the transport of mass and energy in the surface-water/groundwater system. Geomorphological conditions greatly influence hyporheic exchange, and heterogeneities such as rocks and clay lenses will be a key factor for delineating the hyporheic zone. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) were used to investigate the streambed along a 6.3-m-long reach in order to characterise geological layering and distinct features which may influence parameters such as hydraulic conductivity. Time-lapse ERT measurements taken during a tracer injection demonstrated that geological features at the meter-scale played a determining role for the hyporheic flow field. The penetration depth of the tracer into the streambed sediment displayed a variable spatial pattern in areas where the presence of highly resistive anomalies was detected. In areas with more homogeneous sediments, the penetration depth was much more uniformly distributed than observed in more heterogeneous sections, demonstrating that ERT can play a vital role in identifying critical hydraulic features that may influence hyporheic exchange processes. Reciprocal ERT measurements linked variability and thus uncertainty in the modelled resistivity to the spatial locations, which also demonstrated larger variability in the tracer penetration depth, likely due to local heterogeneity in the hydraulic conductivity field.

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Section: Initial Measurements and Conceptualizationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insight into the influence of local streambed heterogeneity on hyporheic-zone flow characteristics

Earon

Riml

et al. 2020

Hydrogeol J

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“…Stonedahl et al [67] found a strong correlation between the flow rate and the placement of high-permeability grid cells in regions of high hydraulic head gradients. In this study, the area near the upstream was prone to suffer scouring.…”

Section: Enhancement and Hindering Effects On Hyporheic Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Experiments of Hyporheic Flow Affected by a Clay Lens

Yao

Wei

et al. 2019

Water

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As a typical water exchange of surface water and groundwater, hyporheic flow widely exists in streambeds and is significantly affected by the characteristics of sediment and surface water. In this study, a low-permeability clay lens was chosen to investigate the influence of the streambed heterogeneity on the hyporheic flow at a river section of the Xin'an River in Anhui Province, China. A 2D sand tank was constructed to simulate the natural streambed including a clay lens under different velocity of surface water velocity. Heat tracing was used in this study. In particular, six analytical solutions based on the amplitude ratio and phase shift of temperatures were applied to calculate the vertical hyporheic flux. The results of the six methods ranged from −102.4 to 137.5 m/day and showed significant spatial differences. In view of the robustness of the calculations and the rationality of the results, the amplitude ratio method was much better than the phase shift method. The existence of the clay lens had a significant influence on the hyporheic flow. Results shows that the vertical hyporheic flux in the model containing a clay lens was lower than that for the blank control, and the discrepancy of the hyporheic flow field on both sides of the lens was obvious. Several abnormal flow velocity zones appeared around the clay lens where the local hyporheic flow was suppressed or generally enhanced. The hyporheic flow fields at three test points had mild changes when the lens was placed in a shallow layer of the model, indicating that the surface water velocity only affect the hyporheic flow slightly. With the increasing depth of the clay lens, the patterns of the hyporheic flow fields at all test points were very close to those of the hyporheic flow field without a clay lens, indicating that the influence of surface water velocity on hyporheic flow appeared gradually. A probable maximum depth of the clay lens was 30 to 40 cm, which approached the bottom of the model and a clay lens buried lower than this maximum would not affect the hyporheic flow any more. Influenced by the clay lens, hyporheic flow was hindered or enhanced in different regions of streambed, which was also depended on the depth of lens and surface water velocity. Introducing a two-dimensional sand tank model in a field test is an attempt to simulate a natural streambed and may positively influence research on hyporheic flow.

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“…The impacts of heterogeneity in physical properties of riverbed and aquifer materials such as hydraulic conductivity have been previously evaluated in several studies (e.g., Tang et al, 2015;Stonedahl et al, 2018). The inferred importance of such heterogeneity can depend on the scale and character of the heterogeneity considered as well as the specific outcomes being predicted.…”

Section: Impacts Of Heterogeneous Riverbed Conductancementioning

confidence: 99%

Machine Learning Analysis of Hydrologic Exchange Flows and Transit Time Distributions in a Large Regulated River

Ren

Song

Fang

et al. 2021

Front. Artif. Intell.

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Hydrologic exchange between river channels and adjacent subsurface environments is a key process that influences water quality and ecosystem function in river corridors. High-resolution numerical models were often used to resolve the spatial and temporal variations of exchange flows, which are computationally expensive. In this study, we adopt Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) approaches for deriving reduced order models of hydrologic exchange flows and associated transit time distributions, with integrated field observations (e.g., bathymetry) and hydrodynamic simulation data (e.g., river velocity, depth). The setup allows an improved understanding of the influences of various physical, spatial, and temporal factors on the hydrologic exchange flows and transit times. The predictors also contain those derived using hybrid clustering, leveraging our previous work on river corridor system hydromorphic classification. The machine learning-based predictive models are developed and validated along the Columbia River Corridor, and the results show that the top parameters are the thickness of the top geological formation layer, the flow regime, river velocity, and river depth; the RF and XGB models can achieve 70% to 80% accuracy and therefore are effective alternatives to the computational demanding numerical models of exchange flows and transit time distributions. Each machine learning model with its favorable configuration and setup have been evaluated. The transferability of the models to other river reaches and larger scales, which mostly depends on data availability, is also discussed.

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Effect of Heterogeneous Sediment Distributions on Hyporheic Flow in Physical and Numerical Models

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Insight into the influence of local streambed heterogeneity on hyporheic-zone flow characteristics

Insight into the influence of local streambed heterogeneity on hyporheic-zone flow characteristics

Field Experiments of Hyporheic Flow Affected by a Clay Lens

Machine Learning Analysis of Hydrologic Exchange Flows and Transit Time Distributions in a Large Regulated River

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