Effect of heating on the load-carrying structure mass

Abstract

The effect of heating on the mass of load-carrying structures is analyzed using the weight Komarov formula in the framework of the design calculations by examples of a panel and spar. The results obtained have been compared with the data on real structures of supersonic passenger aircraft and aerospace aircraft of reusable transport systems.Weight is a major factor in aircraft design as well as one of the main criteria being used. The structure, which takes all spectrum of acting loads, accounts for the greatest share of aircraft weight. There are tens and even hundreds of the so-called weight equations to estimate the structure mass at the early design stages. Let us apply the general-purpose Komarov weight equation [1] in the following form:

Conceptual design and integration of a propulsion system for a supersonic transport aircraft

“…16 Previous studies have shown that beyond Mach 3 mission block time is not significantly reduced, 17 and thermal heating presents increasing difficulties despite advances in technology. 18 Once an engine is selected for the aircraft, the speed where it is most efficient, based on range gained per unit of fuel used, will be chosen as the final cruise speed for the ESPA.…”

Conceptual aerodynamic design of an executive supersonic passenger aircraft – ESPA

“…9 However, the penetration of smaller supersonic transports opens a niche to the hegemony of subsonic passenger aircraft. 3,5,8 This niche is spawning renewed research, particular into methodologies for design like multidisciplinary optimization, 11–16 sonic boom minimization, 17–19 aerothermal heating, 20 carbon emissions 8 and numerical augmentation of supersonic wind tunnel testing. 21…”

“…Additionally, aerothermal heating is also an issue as Mach number increases. 20 Size in supersonic jets is limited because ‘ the strength of the shock waves generated by an aircraft flying at supersonic speed is a direct function of both the aircraft’s weight and its occupying volume ’. 23 For the Concorde and Tu-144 aircraft, the overpressure on the ground was around 110 and 120 Pa, respectively.…”

“…9 However, the penetration of smaller supersonic transports opens a niche to the hegemony of subsonic passenger aircraft. 3,5,8 This niche is spawning renewed research, particular into methodologies for design like multidisciplinary optimization, [11][12][13][14][15][16] sonic boom minimization, [17][18][19] aerothermal heating, 20 carbon emissions 8 and numerical augmentation of supersonic wind tunnel testing. 21 One research question not being asked sufficiently is in how fast and how large the next supersonic passenger aircraft should be after the three new business jets?…”