Effect of Heat Treatment States of Feedstock on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA2219 Layers Deposited by Additive Friction Stir Deposition

Abstract

This study is the first to research the microstructure and mechanical properties of the workpiece after additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) of the feedstock at different heat treatment stages. AA2219 aluminum alloys with three different heat treatment stages were selected as the feedstock, and alloys with dense structure were successfully prepared by the additive friction stir deposition AFSD process. Experimental results show that AFSD exhibits an excellent ability to refine grains and improve the uniform distribution of precipitates in the second phase, thereby improving the plasticity of AA2219 alloy after the AFSD process. Because of the continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) in the AA2219 alloy during AFSD, the grain size after the AFSD process is independent of the initial feedstock grain size for three samples. The equilibrium phase (θ) size is genetically related to the initial size of the second-phase particles in the feedstock. Due to grain refinement and dislocation strengthening, the yield strength of AA2219-casting increased significantly from 79.8 MPa to 124.1 MPa after AFSD. The yield strength of the AA2219-T4 decreases slightly from 151.8 MPa to 140.4 MPa after AFSD. The precipitation of the second phase leads to a decrease in solid solution strengthening and dislocation strengthening. However, grain refinement strengthening partially offsets this reduction. The yield strength of AA2219-T87 decreased from 398.5 MPa to 147.2 MPa after AFSD. As such, grain refinement strengthening and solid solution strengthening by the AFSD process are much smaller than the yield strength lost by precipitation strengthening and dislocation strengthening.

Tool Run-Out in Micro-Milling: Development of an Analytical Model Based on Cutting Force Signal Analysis

“…Therefore, to evaluate the influence of K ts value on the model constants in Equation ( 30), a sensitivity analysis of K ts , in a range from 1 to 10 6 N/mm 2 , has been performed. The results are reported in Table A2 where the first outcome is that the terms which assume the highest value are g and c•(r CE1 ) 2 . In the literature, common values of K ts for metallic alloys are higher than 10 3 N/mm 2 and it can be supposed that AlSi10Mg has analogue K ts .…”

“…Light-weight and biocompatible aluminum alloys stand out among processable alloys, and they are also the second most widely used metallic structural material after steel. Aluminum alloys have broad potential for applications in aerospace, automotive, defense, electronics, and biomedical industries, but the performances of parts produced by the traditional casting process are poor [ 2 ]. Traditional casting and its low cooling rates cause macro-segregation and coarse structures in aluminum alloys [ 3 ].…”