Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of selective laser melting 316L stainless steel

Kamariah, M. S.I.N.; Harun, Wan Sharuzi Wan; Khalil, Nur Zalikha; Ahmad, Faiz; Ismail, Muhammad Hussain; Sharif, Safian

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/257/1/012021

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There have been many studies of the microstructures and properties of additively manufactured 316L, [13,18,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] but few have examined the effects of post-processing. Most of the papers that discuss heat treatments only examine a single temperature, [13,18,[23][24][25][27][28][29] and there is a wide disparity among the heat treatment temperatures used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the papers that discuss heat treatments only examine a single temperature, [13,18,[23][24][25][27][28][29] and there is a wide disparity among the heat treatment temperatures used. More extensive post-processing studies examining three heat treatment temperatures have been conducted by Chen et al [30] and Kamariah et al [26] The effects of post-processing on the corrosion behavior have only been examined by a few researchers. Ettefagh and Guo [13] observed an improvement in corrosion resistance of the 316L material after a 800°C heat treatment and attributed that to relief of residual stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Post-processing in Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steels

Fonda

Rowenhorst

Feng

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans A

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This paper provides a systematic examination of microstructure and corrosion behavior of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel after post-processing by surface finishing, isothermal heat treating, or hot isostatic pressing. The effects of isothermal heat treatments from 500°C to 1300°C and hot isostatic press processing from 1000°C to 1200°C were correlated to the evolution of microstructure, pore morphology and volume fraction, microhardness measurements, and corrosion behavior to reveal the different post-processing temperature regimes and their corresponding characteristics. In particular, this study found that the AM 316L microstructures and properties are stable up to nearly 800°C. Higher temperatures eliminate the fine solidification structure, causing a drop in microhardness and corrosion resistance. Corrosion was primarily driven by the porosity content of the exposed surface and near-surface regions, which is unaffected by isothermal or HIP post-processing, and the corrosion was not significantly affected by recrystallization, which begins around 1050°C and is nearly complete by 1200°C. The amount of porosity was not markedly affected by isothermal post-processing, but could be significantly reduced by HIP processing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Post-processing in Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steels

Fonda

Rowenhorst

Feng

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…The microhardness of the TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating plating on the SLM specimen was more than 1100 HV, which is not only better than that of the SLM specimen uncoated, but also better than that of SLM specimen resulting from heat treatment in Reference [9] and that of the SLM specimen resulting from finish machining in Reference [19]. Nana Li and Ning Wang [20] found that the microhardness of 316L samples resulting from nitriding treatment was 510 HV and that of 316L samples resulting from duplex surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) [21] and nitriding treatment was 1050 HV, of which the 316L specimens were mechanical processing samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Löber et al [8] have studied different post processing techniques, such as simple grinding, electro and plasma polishing, and blasting with different grits, to improve the high-surface roughness (SR) characteristic of parts generated by SLM. Kamariah et al [9] studied the effect of heat treatments on the micro-hardness of 316L stainless steel parts. The physical vapor deposition technology, especially the multi-arc ion plating technology, has been less studied as a post-treatment method to improve the property of SLM specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Selective Laser Melting Process Parameters on the Property of TiAlN/TiN Multilayer Coating on the 316L Steel

et al. 2019

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Selective laser melting (SLM) is an important advanced additive manufacturing technology. The existing SLM products cannot fully meet the requirements of high-precision and strength of the mechanical component because of their defects. The TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating can improve the surface property of SLM products. The present work aims to explore the influences of different process parameters of SLM on the property of TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating plating on the 361L specimen and the mechanism of these influences. Taking laser power, scanning speed, and scanning space as factors, an orthogonal experiment was designed. The TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating specimens can be obtained by plating on the 361L specimen, fabricated by the process parameters of SLM on the orthogonal experiment. The surface topographies and properties of TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating were tested, the influences of SLM process parameters on TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating were analyzed, and the optimal process parameter was obtained. The electron microscope images revealed that the surface morphology of TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating plating on the SLM specimen was relatively flat, and there were some macro-particles in different sizes and pin holes dispersed on it. The thickness of the TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating was 2.77–3.29 μm. The microhardness value of coating SLM specimen was more than four times that of the uncoated SLM specimen and the wear rates of the uncoated specimen were 2–4 times that of the corresponding coating specimen. The comprehensive analysis shows that the laser power had the greatest influence on the comprehensive property of the coating. The primary cause of the influence of SLM process parameters on the properties of the TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating was preliminarily discussed. When the laser power was 170 W, the scanning speed was 1,100 mm/s, and the scanning space was 0.08mm, the TiAlN/TiN multilayer coating plating on the SLM specimen had the best comprehensive property.

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“…In literature, differences in strengths are partly attributed to residual stresses resulting from different volume energy and cooling conditions [34,18]. Heat induced during the additive manufacturing process must be dissipated via the already solidified parts material, the support structure and the powder.…”

Section: Specimen Orientation Dependencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of small structures built by selective laser melting 316 L stainless steel – a phenomenological approach to improve component design

Wiesent

Schultheiß

Lulla³

et al. 2020

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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Experimental investigations are conducted to quantify the influence of specimen thickness and orientation on the mechanical properties of selective laser melted stainless steel 316 L. The results indicate that the mechanical strength and ductility increase with increasing specimen thickness until a saturation value is reached from a specimen thickness of about 2 mm. Specimen orientation dependency is pronounced for thin specimens (<1.5 mm), whereas only small deviations in strength are observed for thicker specimens with orientations of 30°, 45° and 90° to build direction. The mechanical properties of the specimen orientation of 0° to build direction shows great deviation to the other orientations and the smallest overall strength. A reliable design of selective laser melted components should account for specimen thickness and orientation, e. g. by a correction factor. Furthermore, it is recommended to avoid loads vertical (90°) and parallel (0°) to build direction to guarantee higher ductility and strength.

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Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of selective laser melting 316L stainless steel

Cited by 45 publications

References 22 publications

The Effects of Post-processing in Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steels

The Effects of Post-processing in Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steels

The Influence of Selective Laser Melting Process Parameters on the Property of TiAlN/TiN Multilayer Coating on the 316L Steel

Mechanical properties of small structures built by selective laser melting 316 L stainless steel – a phenomenological approach to improve component design

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