Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ti-bearing hypereutectic high chromium white cast iron

Xing, Zhi; Xing, Jianfeng; Gao, Yimin; Fu, Hanguang; Peng, Jiyun; Xiao, Bing

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2007.10.009

Cited by 115 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Along with the material composition and processing conditions the wear behavior is also influenced by heat treatment [5], which leads to a suitable microstructure [11], as the thermal activation provided by heat treatment allows precipitation of chromium carbides [12,13]. Heat treatment involves heating the HCWCIs up to 800-1100 °C for 1-6 h [14] in order to destabilize the austenite matrix by encouraging precipitation of secondary carbides, which reduces the carbon and chromium percentage in the matrix and enables the transformation to martensite in subsequent cooling from the destabilization temperature [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mejoramiento de la resistencia al desgaste abrasivo de la fundición al alto cromo ASTM A-532 a través de ciclos de tratamiento térmico

2016

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High-Chromium White Cast Iron is a material highly used in mining and drilling shafts for oil extraction, due to its high wear resistance. However, because of the austenitic matrix found in the as-cast state, an adequate heat treatment cycle is necessary. This paper studies the effects of different cooling media after a destabilization treatment on the microstructure, hardening and abrasion resistance behaviors of a hypoeutectic high chromium white cast iron. The results show that although air cooling followed by immersion in CO 2 can effectively reduce the retained austenite, this is not enough to transform completely the retained austenite into martensite. The low retained austenite percentages improve bulk hardness, but they decrease the abrasion resistance of the high chromium cast iron. The best combination of hardness and wear resistance was found in the samples cooled in air, due to the percentage of retained austenite and a moderate precipitation of chromium carbide.Keywords: High chromium white cast iron, HCWCI, White cast iron, Chromium carbides, Hardness, Wear testing, Austenite, Martensite. Improvement of abrasive wear resistance of the high chromium cast iron ASTM A-532 through thermal treatment cycles ResumenLas fundiciones blancas de hierro al alto cromo son muy usadas en la minería y en la perforación de pozos petroleros, debido a su alta resistencia al desgaste; sin embargo, debido a que en el estado de colada su microestructura es austenítica, es necesario someterlas a un adecuado ciclo de tratamiento térmico. Este trabajo estudia los efectos de los diferentes medios de enfriamiento después de un tratamiento de desestabilización de la microestructura y, por ende, el efecto del grado de endurecimiento sobre el comportamiento a la abrasión de una fundición blanca al alto cromo hipoeutéctica. Los resultados muestran que a pesar de que el enfriamiento al aire, seguido por inmersión en CO 2 , puede reducir eficazmente la austenita retenida, esto no es suficiente para transformarla completamente en martensita. El bajo porcentaje de austenita retenida incrementa la dureza del material, pero disminuye la resistencia a la abrasión de las fundiciones al alto cromo. La mejor combinación de dureza y resistencia al desgaste se encontró en las muestras enfriadas al aire, debido al porcentaje de austenita retenida y a una moderada precipitación de carburos de cromo.Palabras clave: HCWCI, Fundiciones blancas de hierro, Fundición al alto cromo, Carburos de cromo, Austenita, Martensita. ResumoAs fundições brancas de ferro ao alto cromo são muito usadas na mineração e na perfuração de poços petroleiros, devido a sua alta resistência ao desgaste; porém, devido a que no estado de lingotamento sua microestrutura é austenítica, é necessário submetê-las a um adequado ciclo de tratamento térmico. Este trabalho estuda os efeitos dos diferentes meios de resfriamento depois de um tratamento de desestabilização da microestrutura e, consequentemente, o efeito do grau de endurecimento sobre o comportamento à abrasão ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mejoramiento de la resistencia al desgaste abrasivo de la fundición al alto cromo ASTM A-532 a través de ciclos de tratamiento térmico

2016

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“…B 4 C, TiB 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Sic, Tic, WC, and graphite variety of reinforcing agent which accommodates by the aluminum are regularly used as reinforcements. The matrix increases the stiffness and strength by incorporation of the reinforcement [6,7], increases the hardness of the composite with addition of hard ceramic particles, which improves the resistance of the matrix to reduce and penetrate subsequent removal of material by other third-body particles and wear debris found in the environment [8]. In particulate-reinforced metal matrix composites, Titanium carbide (Tic) was commonly used as reinforcement due to its relatively high thermal, high hardness, thermal stability, wear resistance, electrical conductivities and good wet ability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slurry Erosive Wear Behavior of AA 6063/Tic Particles in Situ Composites

et.al.¹

2017

IJMPERD

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The In-situ composite of metal matrix AA6063-xTiC (x = 0 wt. %, 3wt. %, 6 wt. %, 9 wt. %) were mixed with particulates of Tic, were synthesized by the reaction of K 2 TiF 6 and graphite with aluminum melt at 1000°C. These composites were heat treated differently to form various sets like solution zed and solution zed-aged, where they were compared with as-cast composites for erosive wear performance by testing pot type slurry-erosive wear device, respectively. This study showed an increase in wear resistance for slurry erosion upon solution zed-aged heat treatment and with a rise of Tic particulates.

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“…1,2) Therefore, the research has focused on the type, size, volume, morphology and distribution of these secondary carbides. Many previous studies [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] have been carried out to determine the types of secondary carbides (M7C3 type or M23C6 type) after heat treatment by using Light Optical Microscopy (LOM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on SEM-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) investigations, Zhi et al 3) reported that the secondary carbide was a M7C3 type, if the heat treatment temperature was higher than 900°C, in Fe-4.0 wt.%C-17 wt.%Cr HCCI alloys. Also, Pearce et al 4,5) and Wiengmoon et al [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] discussed the effect of the Cr content on the type of secondary carbides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Precipitation Behavior of Secondary M7C3 Carbides in Ti-alloyed High Chromium Cast Iron

et al. 2013

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In-situ observations on the dynamic precipitation behavior of secondary carbides in Ti-alloyed High Chromium Cast Iron (HCCI) were performed by using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM). Moreover, the detailed characterization of the microstructure before and after heat treatment was performed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The secondary carbides, which precipitate from the matrix during heat treatment, were identified as M7C3 type carbides by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The number, size and volume of secondary carbides during heating, holding and cooling process were quantitatively evaluated based on the in-situ observation and SEM results. It was found that ferrite (α) and secondary carbides start to precipitate from the matrix at around 575°C and 840°C, respectively, during the heating process. In addition, the in-situ results showed that the number of secondary carbides increase with an increased heating temperature and time. Moreover, it was found that the size of these secondary carbides increase at higher temperatures and longer holding times. However, the number of secondary carbides increased with a decreased temperature. Finally, it was found that the volume fraction (~5%) of secondary carbides was not changed to a large extent for the different heat treatment conditions being investigated.

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Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ti-bearing hypereutectic high chromium white cast iron

Cited by 115 publications

References 14 publications

Mejoramiento de la resistencia al desgaste abrasivo de la fundición al alto cromo ASTM A-532 a través de ciclos de tratamiento térmico

Mejoramiento de la resistencia al desgaste abrasivo de la fundición al alto cromo ASTM A-532 a través de ciclos de tratamiento térmico

Slurry Erosive Wear Behavior of AA 6063/Tic Particles in Situ Composites

Dynamic Precipitation Behavior of Secondary M7C3 Carbides in Ti-alloyed High Chromium Cast Iron

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