Effect of heat treatment on carbon fiber surface properties and fibers/epoxy interfacial adhesion

Zhang, Dai; Zhang, Baoyan; Shi, Fengyan; Li, Min; Zhang, Zuoguang; Gu, Yi

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.04.129

Cited by 111 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Five peaks were found, representing C-C groups, C-O/C-N groups, C-O-C epoxy groups, C=O groups, and COOH groups. Similar results were reported by Fang et al [26], Ma et al [41], and Dai et al [42]. The intensity of the C-O-C epoxy group identified at a binding energy of 287.1 eV decreases as the MWCNTs content increases.…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 80%

Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of CFRP Laminates Incorporating Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2015

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Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates exhibit limited fracture toughness due to characteristic interlaminar fiber-matrix cracking and delamination. In this article, we demonstrate that the fracture toughness of CFRP laminates can be improved by the addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Experimental investigations and numerical modeling were performed to determine the effects of using MWCNTs in CFRP laminates. The CFRP specimens were produced using an epoxy nanocomposite matrix reinforced with carboxyl functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNTs). Four MWCNTs contents of 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% per weight of the epoxy resin/hardener mixture were examined. Double cantilever beam (DCB) tests were performed to determine the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of the unidirectional CFRP composites. This composite material property was quantified using the critical energy release rate, GIC. The experimental results show a 25%, 20%, and 17% increase in the maximum interlaminar fracture toughness of the CFRP composites with the addition of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt% MWCNTs, respectively. Microstructural investigations using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) verify that chemical reactions took place between the COOH-MWCNTs and the epoxy resin, supporting the improvements experimentally observed in the interlaminar fracture toughness

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Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 80%

Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of CFRP Laminates Incorporating Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2015

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“…Traditionally, carbon fibers were used as good reinforcements for metals [99], ceramics [100], and polymers [101]. To increase the physical properties of carbon fiber-reinforced metal (CFRM), carbon fiber-reinforced ceramic (CFRC), and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) matrix composites, various surface treatments such as thermal oxidation, electric oxidation, ozone treatments, plasma treatments, and even metal coating were developed [102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110].…”

Section: Metal-coated Carbon Fibers and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Fibers and Their Composites

Park

Kim

2014

Carbon Fibers

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Traditionally, the application of carbon fibers has been limited to very special fields such as aerospace and military because of their high cost. However, various techniques for low-cost carbon fibers are under development in terms of using low-cost precursors, low-cost manufacturing processes, and even functional coating methods. Moreover, future applications of carbon fibers can widen not only as structural reinforcements but also in information technology-based applications such as housings for electric devices, smart cloths, and healthcare items. In this chapter, we will cover the carbon fibers and their composites in recent various applications. In particular, there are classified as a low-cost production technique of carbon fibers for general industries, thin carbon fibers for extreme industries, and functional carbon fibers for smart composites.

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“…Accordingly, there arise the attempts at tailoring the material properties of CFRTP composites to serve the specific needs of these applications. One of ways to achieve this is to alter the fiber-matrix interface, which has been well established as crucial in controlling composite performance due to its role in the stress transfer efficiency between the fiber and the matrix [8][9][10].Since carbon fibers are basically brittle, they are always sized with a thin coating of a prepolymer or resin [11]. The sizing agents of carbon fibers, to a large extent, determine the interfacial properties of carbon fiber composites.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dynamic contact angle test was applied to characterize the wetting performance of carbon fiber by epoxy on DCAT 21 system (Dynamic Contact Angle Meter and Tensiometer, Germany). This system is based on the Wilhelmy plate technique and the preparation of specimen can be found elsewhere [8].Interfacial Shear Strength. Interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of carbon fibers/PPEK single fiber composite was investigated by micro-bond test.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of interfacial properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) composites by introducing carbon nanotube to the interphase

et al. 2014

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This article aims to improve interfacial properties of carbon fiber-reinforced poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) (PPEK) composites by means of preparing carbon nanotube (CNT)/carbon fiber hybrid fiber. XPS was used to characterize the chemical structure of unsized carbon fiber and SEM was used to observe the surface topography of carbon fibers. Specific area measurement, dynamic contact angle, and interfacial shear strength (IFSS) testing were performed to examine the effect of CNT on the interfacial properties of carbon fiber/PPEK composites. By the introduction of CNT to the interphase of carbon fiber-reinforced PPEK composites, an enhancement of IFSS by 55.52% was achieved. Meanwhile, the interfacial fracture topography was also observed and the reinforcing mechanism was discussed. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:26-33, 2015. V C 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers INTRODUCTIONCarbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) composites have recently attracted increasing attention mainly due to their combination of high performance, good processability, and potential recyclability. These advantages together have made these composites an attractive contender in a wide range of applications including aerospace, automobile, marine, military, etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Accordingly, there arise the attempts at tailoring the material properties of CFRTP composites to serve the specific needs of these applications. One of ways to achieve this is to alter the fiber-matrix interface, which has been well established as crucial in controlling composite performance due to its role in the stress transfer efficiency between the fiber and the matrix [8][9][10].Since carbon fibers are basically brittle, they are always sized with a thin coating of a prepolymer or resin [11]. The sizing agents of carbon fibers, to a large extent, determine the interfacial properties of carbon fiber composites. The wetting performance of carbon fiber and interfacial strength of fiber composites can be both improved by the way of sizing. The properties can be further improved if the main components of sizing agents are the same to the polymer matrix [12,13].Introducing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto the surface of carbon fibers [14][15][16][17] is another efficient way to improve interfacial properties of CFRTP materials. Due to the outstanding mechanical properties and a large specific surface area of CNT, it can be expected to generate significantly improved mechanical characteristics for the hybrid composites as compared to the original fiber. It has been studied that CNT/carbon fiber with a large surface area could lead to better contact with the matrix, thus forming more mechanical interlocking sites [18]. Preparation of the CNT/carbon fiber hybrid fiber has been explored with several methods such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [19][20][21], chemical grafting [22,23], and electrophoretic deposition (EPD) [24][25][26][27][28].Since the sizing process is a standard and commercially available method of fiber surface treatment, fabrication of CNT/carbon fib...

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Effect of heat treatment on carbon fiber surface properties and fibers/epoxy interfacial adhesion

Cited by 111 publications

References 21 publications

Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of CFRP Laminates Incorporating Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of CFRP Laminates Incorporating Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon Fibers and Their Composites

Improvement of interfacial properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) composites by introducing carbon nanotube to the interphase

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