Effect of heat stress on protein utilization and nutrient transporters in meat-type chickens

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of heat stress (HS) on digestibility of protein and fat and the expression of nutrient transporters in broilers. Forty-eight male Cobb500 chicks were used in this study. At day 14, birds were randomly divided into two groups and kept under either constant normal temperature (25 °C) or high temperature (35 °C) in individual cages. Five birds per treatment at 1 and 12 days post-treatment were euthanized, and Pectoralis major (P. major) and ileum were sampled for gene expression analysis. At day 33, ileal contents were collected and used for digestibility analysis. The total consumption and retention of protein and fat were significantly lower in the HS group compared to the control group. Meanwhile, the retention of crude protein per BWG was significantly higher in the HS group compared to the control group. In P. major and ileum tissues at day 1, transporters FATP1 and SGLT1 were down-regulated in the HS group. Meanwhile, FABP1 and PepT1 were down-regulated only in the ileum of the HS group. The converse was shown in P. major. The nutrient transporter FABP1 at day 12 post-HS was down-regulated in the P. major and ileum, but GLUT1 and PepT2 were down-regulated only in the ileum, and PepT1 was down-regulated only in the P. major compared with the control group. These changes in nutrient transporters suggest that high ambient temperature might change the ileum and P. major lipids, glucose, and oligopeptide transporters.

Glucose Metabolism and Dynamics of Facilitative Glucose Transporters (GLUTs) under the Influence of Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle

“…This compensation to energy level activates many proteins, including glucose transporters as well. In chickens, heat stress has shown a pronounced effect on the expression of GLUTs family proteins, e.g., GLUT1 was significantly downregulated in the ileum, while the expression of GLUT5 and GLUT10 was upregulated in chicken ileum in the heat-stressed group compared to the thermoneutral group (Table 3) [22]. The expression of GLUT1 is reciprocal to the circulating glucose level within the body [88], also, during heat stress, the plasma glucose level increases, which tends to decrease the GLUT1 expression [89].…”

“…Moreover, the glucose level is also governed by the tissue-specific glucose transporters like GLUTs. Since GLUTs are responsible for the glucose absorption, the distribution of glucose has been significantly affected in various studies by heat stress [22,23]. Considering the metabolism of glucose and the role of GLUTs in glucose transportation under heat stress, the importance and role of GLUTs in coping with heat stress is of immense importance.…”

Effect of Ascorbic Acid and/or Alpha-Tocopherol Fortification on Semen Quality, Metabolic Profile, Antioxidants Status, and Dna of Roosters Exposed to Heat Stress

“…Similarly, HS decreased Hgb and PCV and increased blood pH (Toyomizu et al, 2005;Daghir, 2008). This was concurred with a loss of ionic Ca (Sandercock et al, 2001), low availability of nutrients that are essential for DNA synthesis, function and repair (Habashy et al, 2017a;Habashy et al, 2017b) and increase in water intake (Attia et al, 2009;Attia et al, 2011).…”

Effects of compound organic acid calcium on growth performance, hepatic antioxidation and intestinal barrier of male broilers under heat stress

“…And other studies found that dietary supplement organic acids reduced the feed intake of broilers [17,21], which might be related to the type of organic acid, the amount of addition, the feeding environment and the feeding method [18,20,22]. The structure and physiology of the cells can be affected by high temperature, causing impairment of transcription, oxidative metabolism, membrane structure and function [23] and gene expression [2]. Also, heat stress can result in oxidative stress and induce cells to generate small amounts of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) [5], which may damage biological macro-molecules and tissues if not con- trolled [24].…”

“…Heat stress caused by high ambient temperature and relative humidity is one of the most severe issues in commercial poultry production due to its serious damage on performance, immunity and antioxidant status of broilers [1], gene expression [2], and body temperature at hatching [3], culminating in economic losses. An unreliable housing environment, especially with the additional challenge by the rising temperature due to global warming, could lead to a disruption of the boilers' body temperature control with dysfunction in the respiratory system and circulation [4].…”