Effect of Heat Stress on Expression of Main Reproductive Hormone in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis of Wenchang Chicks

Bb, Lu; Liang, Wei; Chen, Liang; Yu, ZQ; Xie, XZ; Chen, Z

doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1056

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Increased circulating levels of GC induces gluconeogenesis, cell trafficking and proliferation, cytokine secretion, and antibody production that can affect immunity, promote inflammation and lead to hypersensitive HPA axis (Shini et al, 2008;Lara and Rostagno, 2013). In addition, HS can dysregulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis thereby altering the secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, and luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland (Lu et al, 2021). HS also depresses the gonads thereby reducing the secretion of testosterone from testes and estradiol from the ovaries, causing a decline in ova maturation, sperm quality, morphology, mobility, and egg penetration (reviewed by Ayo et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic heat stress part 1: Decrease in egg quality, increase in cortisol levels in egg albumen, and reduction in fertility of breeder pekin ducks

et al. 2022

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Global warming poses detrimental effects on poultry production leading to substantial economic losses. The goal of our experiment was to test the hypothesis that heat stress (HS) would alter welfare and egg quality (EQ) of breeder ducks. Furthermore, we wanted to test if HS would increase cortisol levels in egg albumen. Adult Pekin ducks were randomly assigned to two different rooms at 85% lay with 60 hens and 20 drakes per room. Baseline data including body weight, body condition scores (BCS), and egg production/quality were collected the week preceding heat treatment. Ducks were subjected to cyclic HS of 35°C for 10h/day and 29.5°C for the remaining 14h/day for 3 weeks while the control room was maintained at 22°C. Eggs were collected daily and analyzed weekly for quality assessment, and for albumen glucocorticoid (GCs) levels using mass spectrometry. One week before the exposure to HS, 10 hens and 5 drakes were euthanized and the same number again after 3 weeks and birds necropsied. Data analyses were done by 1- or 2-way ANOVA as appropriate with a Tukey-Kramer post hoc test. BCS were analyzed using a chi-squared test. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Circulating levels of corticosterone were significantly (p < 0.01) elevated at week 1 only in the HS hens. The circulating levels of cortisol increased significantly at week 1 and 2 (p < 0.05), and week 3 (p < 0.01) in the hens and at weeks 2 and 3 only (p < 0.05) in the drakes. Feather quality scores (p < 0.01), feather cleanliness scores (p < 0.001) and footpad quality scores (p < 0.05) increased significantly in the HS group. HS elicited a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in egg production at weeks 1 and 3. Hens in the HS group showed significantly decreased BW (p < 0.001) and number of follicles (p < 0.05). Shell weight decreased significantly at week 1 only (p < 0.05) compared to controls. Yolk weight decreased significantly at week 3 (p < 0.01) compared to controls. HS elicited a significant increase in albumen cortisol levels at week 1 (p < 0.05) and week 3 (p < 0.05). Thus, cortisol may provide critical information to further understand and to improve welfare.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic heat stress part 1: Decrease in egg quality, increase in cortisol levels in egg albumen, and reduction in fertility of breeder pekin ducks

et al. 2022

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“…High temperature conditions also negatively affect reproductive functions by causing dysfunctions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. It shows these effects through FSH, LH, and GnRH ( 52 ).…”

Section: Functional Units That Take An Active Role In Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A neuroscience-based approach to the assessment of sexual behavior in animals

2023

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Sexual behavior in animals is important in ensuring the continuity of the generation. These behaviors differ in animal species. Sexual behaviors are shaped under the control of the reproductive system. Physiological stimuli produced by the reproductive system find their counterparts in the organism as reproductive activity. Reproductive activity display a critical role by transferring on the genetic heritage of organisms to the next generations. This activity, which is built on delicate balances, is associated with many systems in the organism. Nervous system, hormonal system, and circulatory system are the main ones. The regular formation of the reproductive activity in species is due to the effect of various factors. In domestic mammals, the reproductive activity is regulated by hormones secreted from brain and endocrine glands. Many hormones have duties in terms of the sustainability of reproductive activity. GnRH is the main hormone responsible for initiating this reproductive activity. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is a small molecule peptide from certain nerve cells in the nucleus infundibularis region of the hypothalamus and consists of different amino acids, is secreted under the influence of smell, temperature, light, and physical stimulation. Besides, GnRH release is controlled by various neurotransmitters (adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin). On the other hand, various genetic factors in secretory glands, gonadal cells, reproductive tissues can lead to significant changes on reproductive activity through specific molecular pathways and mechanisms.

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Heat Stress and Histopathological Changes of Vital Organs: A Novel Approach to Assess Climate Resilience in Farm Animals

Rebez¹,

Sejian²,

Silpa

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Heat stress causes functional and metabolic alterations in different cells and tissues. There are several pathomorphological changes and biomarkers associated with head load in adaptive and productive organs of livestock. Heat stress-induced histopathological alterations in livestock were categorized as degenerative changes (fatty degeneration, steatosis, hydropic degeneration), necrosis (pyknosis, fibrosis), circulatory disturbances (hyperemia, edema, hemorrhage, congestion, thrombosis, ischemia), growth disturbances (hyperplasia, atrophy) and focal/diffuse inflammation (vascular changes, exudation). Upon immunohistochemical analysis, the biomarkers identified in growth-related organs were HSP70, HSP60, GABA, GABAAR, GABABR, HSP90, GnRH, LH, FSH, m6A, Nrf2, and C/EBPβ. The biomarkers in the reproductive organs were HSP70, Bax, Bcl-2, GABA, GABAAR, GABABR, Caspase-3, HSP90, HSPB9, HSPB10, HSF1, HSP40, T, E2, Cyt-C, CAT, BCL2L1, and VEGF. The identified biomarkers in the immune organs were CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, HSP70, and Bcl-2. All these biomarkers could serve as reliable variables in heat stress assessment in livestock. Further, HSP70, HSP90, HSP60, NPY, HSP27, Bcl-2, NF-κB, AQP2, Insulin, CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD172a, EGF, AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, CRYAB, GHR, 5-HT, CCK, and GLP-1 are heat stress-related biomarkers in adaptive organs that help in assessing the climate resilience of a livestock species and improving understanding about adaptive mechanisms. Among these biomarkers, HSP70 was established to be the ideal cellular biomarker for scaling heat response in livestock. Thus, examining heat-stressed organ histopathology and identifying cellular markers by immunohistochemistry may lay the foundation for screening climate-resilient livestock breeds in the challenging climatic scenario. Further, such an approach could help in developing concepts to combat the detrimental consequences of heat stress to ensure sustainability in livestock production.

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Effect of Heat Stress on Expression of Main Reproductive Hormone in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis of Wenchang Chicks

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Chronic heat stress part 1: Decrease in egg quality, increase in cortisol levels in egg albumen, and reduction in fertility of breeder pekin ducks

Chronic heat stress part 1: Decrease in egg quality, increase in cortisol levels in egg albumen, and reduction in fertility of breeder pekin ducks

A neuroscience-based approach to the assessment of sexual behavior in animals

Heat Stress and Histopathological Changes of Vital Organs: A Novel Approach to Assess Climate Resilience in Farm Animals

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