Effect of Harvest Residue Management on Tree Productivity and Carbon Pools during Early Stand Development in a Loblolly Pine Plantation

Maier, Chris A.; Johnsen, Kurt H.; Dougherty, Phillip M.; McInnis, Daniel P.; Anderson, Pete; Patterson, S. C.

doi:10.5849/forsci.11-069

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…As expected, the complete biomass removal treatment (FTB) only retained a minor amount of logging debris (<0.2 Mg·ha −1 ). The differences in slash retention between the SO and FT reported in this study are less than those commonly reported in the literature (23.1 Mg·ha −1 (Wei et al 2012); 25 Mg·ha −1 (Maier et al 2012); 26 Mg·ha −1 (Egnell and Valinger 2003); 37 Mg·ha −1 (Kabzems 2012)), but these other trials were designed as complete slash removal treatments (i.e., mechanical harvesting following by manual cleaning to remove all logging debris from the full-tree treatment plots) as opposed to the operational FT treatments (i.e., broken limbs and tops from the harvest and forwarding operations were retained on the treatment plots) applied in this study. As acknowledged by Egnell and Leijon (1999) and Egnell and Valinger (2003), approximately 30% additional logging residue biomass is commonly left behind after full-tree harvesting operations (Eriksson 1993;Ralevic et al 2010).…”

Section: Slash Loadings For Biomass Removal Treatmentscontrasting

confidence: 79%

Black spruce growth response to varying levels of biomass harvest intensity across a range of soil types: 15-year results

2014

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With a growing interest in the diversification (e.g., bioenergy, biochemicals) of the forest industry beyond the traditional product streams, concerns that higher harvest utilization levels may compromise site productivity have been heightened. This study reports on 15-year tree growth responses to varying levels of biomass removals conducted on four soil types: loamy tills, outwash sands, wet mineral, and peatlands. Experimental harvest treatments included stem-only, full-tree, full-tree chipping (a full-tree harvest with the roadside material chipped and returned to the site), and full-tree + bladed (a full-tree harvest followed by forest floor removal). Results indicated no significant effect on height growth on the loamy tills, a significant decline for the blading treatment on the sandy soils, and an increase when the blading treatment was applied to the peatland sites. At the stand level, better planted seedling survival and higher recruitment of naturals on the more extreme removal treatment (forest floor removal on sandy sites) tended to nullify any negative impacts identified in the individual-tree growth measurements. The more than doubling of the slash loading on the stem-only treatment plots compared with the full-tree plots did not result in differences in tree productivity levels between these two operational treatments. The stands, however, were just approaching crown closure by year 15, suggesting that ongoing monitoring will be required to confirm that the growth trajectories for the various harvest treatment -soil type combinations can be maintained.Résumé : Dans la mesure où l'industrie forestière est de plus en plus intéressée à diversifier ses activités (p. ex., bioénergie et produits biochimiques) au-delà de sa gamme traditionnelle de produits, les craintes que l'utilisation plus complète de la forêt compromette la productivité des stations augmentent. Cette étude rend compte des réactions en croissance des arbres, après 15 ans, à différents degrés de prélèvement de la biomasse sur quatre types de sol : till loameux, sable fluvio-glaciaire, sol minéral humide et tourbières. Les traitements expérimentaux d'exploitation incluaient tronc entier, arbre entier, copeaux d'arbres entiers (récolte d'arbres entiers mis en copeaux en bordure de route et redistribués sur le site), arbre entier + lame bineuse (récolte d'arbres entiers et enlèvement de la couverture morte). Les résultats ne révèlent aucun effet significatif sur la croissance en hauteur sur le till loameux, mais il y a une diminution importante avec le traitement arbre entier + lame bineuse sur les sols sablonneux et une augmentation avec le même traitement dans les tourbières. À l'échelle du peuplement, une meilleure survie des semis plantés et plus de recrues d'origine naturelle dans le traitement où l'enlèvement de la biomasse était le plus prononcé (enlèvement de la couverture morte sur les sols sablonneux) avaient tendance à annuler tous les impacts négatifs identifiés dans les mesures de croissance d'arbres individuels. Dans le trai...

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Section: Slash Loadings For Biomass Removal Treatmentscontrasting

confidence: 79%

Black spruce growth response to varying levels of biomass harvest intensity across a range of soil types: 15-year results

2014

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“…Additional stabilization mechanisms include physical (aggregation, inclusion into small pore volumes) and biochemical (proportion of recalcitrant compounds such as lignin) protection (Balesdent et al, 2000;Swift, 2001;Six et al, 2002) which may account for up to 21% of a soil's protective capacity (Hassink and Whitmore, 1997). This concept of a C saturation point for soils is supported by our research here and also by long term agricultural research projects where there was little to no increase in soil C despite repeated inputs of organic matter (Campbell et al, 1991;Paustian et al, 1997;Solberg et al, 1997), although the recent study by Maier et al (2012) represents a notable exception.…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

“…This is due to both high soil C concentrations and relatively high bulk densities across the strata. This compares to 171 Mg ha À1 in the top 60 cm in the control plots of a 6-year-old loblolly pine stand in the coastal plain of South Carolina (Maier et al, 2012) and 163 Mg ha À1 in the top 60 cm of 32-yearold black spruce sites in Ontario (Major et al, 2012) although the latter study displayed extremely high soil C concentrations in the 0-10 depth due to a thick layer of organic matter and then soil C concentrations dropped precipitously with depth. One of the highest soil C contents (>400 Mg ha À1 to a 70 cm depth) reported were by Gower et al (1997) in old-growth boreal black spruce stands which had 20-50 cm of high C containing peat over mineral soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Soil carbon and nitrogen content and stabilization in mid-rotation, intensively managed sweetgum and loblolly pine stands

Johnsen

Samuelson

Sanchez

et al. 2013

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Pinus taeda planted on former agricultural land in southwest Georgia contained 268 Mg C/ha in the upper 0.3 m of soil (Johnsen et al 2013) and a Pinus taeda plantation in the coastal plain of South Carolina contained 171 Mg C/ha in the upper 0.6 m (Maier et al 2012). Highly productive sites can retain large quantities of soil C as well as support stands with higher productivity, and soil C and consequently ecosystem C were related to SI in this study.…”

Section: Density and Ecosystem Cmentioning

confidence: 57%

Ecosystem carbon density and allocation across a chronosequence of longleaf pine forests

Samuelson

Stokes

Butnor

et al. 2017

Ecological Applications

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Forests can partially offset greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to climate change mitigation, mainly through increases in live biomass. We quantified carbon (C) density in 20 managed longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) forests ranging in age from 5 to 118 years located across the southeastern United States and estimated above- and belowground C trajectories. Ecosystem C stock (all pools including soil C) and aboveground live tree C increased nonlinearly with stand age and the modeled asymptotic maxima were 168 Mg C/ha and 80 Mg C/ha, respectively. Accumulation of ecosystem C with stand age was driven mainly by increases in aboveground live tree C, which ranged from <1 Mg C/ha to 74 Mg C/ha and comprised <1% to 39% of ecosystem C. Live root C (sum of below-stump C, ground penetrating radar measurement of lateral root C, and live fine root C) increased with stand age and represented 4-22% of ecosystem C. Soil C was related to site index, but not to stand age, and made up 39-92% of ecosystem C. Live understory C, forest floor C, downed dead wood C, and standing dead wood C were small fractions of ecosystem C in these frequently burned stands. Stand age and site index accounted for 76% of the variation in ecosystem C among stands. The mean root-to-shoot ratio calculated as the average across all stands (excluding the grass-stage stand) was 0.54 (standard deviation of 0.19) and higher than reports for other conifers. Long-term accumulation of live tree C, combined with the larger role of belowground accumulation of lateral root C than in other forest types, indicates a role of longleaf pine forests in providing disturbance-resistant C storage that can balance the more rapid C accumulation and C removal associated with more intensively managed forests. Although other managed southern pine systems sequester more C over the short-term, we suggest that longleaf pine forests can play a meaningful role in regional forest C management.

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Effect of Harvest Residue Management on Tree Productivity and Carbon Pools during Early Stand Development in a Loblolly Pine Plantation

Cited by 24 publications

References 73 publications

Black spruce growth response to varying levels of biomass harvest intensity across a range of soil types: 15-year results

Black spruce growth response to varying levels of biomass harvest intensity across a range of soil types: 15-year results

Soil carbon and nitrogen content and stabilization in mid-rotation, intensively managed sweetgum and loblolly pine stands

Ecosystem carbon density and allocation across a chronosequence of longleaf pine forests

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