Effect of hard-disk drive spindle motor vibration on dynamic microwaviness and flying-height modulation

Lee, Sung-Chang; Polycarpou, Andreas A.

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2005.01.002

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Since magnetic spacing needs to be kept as low as possible to attain the high recording areal density, the flying height of the slider in today's hard disk drive is made to be well under 10 nm and the thickness of the surface protective layer is only a few nanometers thick. [13][14][15] Tribological optimization of the head/disk interface has been a major topic of research and development over the last couple of decades and has led to significant advancements in micro-tribology. 16,17 Driven by the demands of applications such as MEMS and hard disk drives, micro/nano-tribology emerged as an important field within tribology since the 1980s and numerous researches have been conducted that made significant contributions to nano science and technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-scale friction: A review

Kim

2009

Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf.

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Frictional force is a resistant force that must be overcome to achieve relative motion between two components in contact. The economical and technological benefits of controlling friction and wear are tremendous. However, due to the complex nature of the phenomena, clear understanding of the mechanisms are yet to be achieved, particularly at the nano-scale where surface forces tend to dominate the tribological behavior of the system. In this paper the results of numerous theoretical, experimental, and numerical works on the fundamental mechanisms of friction at the nano-scale are reviewed. It is shown that friction coefficient values for nano-scale systems are quite varied depending on the conditions under which the system is investigated. As for the mechanism that causes friction at the nano-scale, interaction of the atoms plays a vital role. Furthermore, factors such as atomic radius, interatomic potential energy, and lattice parameters contribute to the degree of atomic interaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-scale friction: A review

Kim

2009

Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf.

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“…The contact of rough surfaces is very important for a large number of applications, such is when the surfaces impact in electrical switches, 1–3 breakers, connectors, 4,5 fasteners, bearings, 6–8 mechanical seals, 9–11 clutches, sporting equipment, 12,13 articular joints, 14 microelectronics, 15 hard-disk drive read–write heads, 16 military, space equipment, 17 etc. In mechanical and lip seals, it is important that the surfaces make sufficient contact so that the leakage of flow between them is minimal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictions of the average surface separation and stiffness between contacting elastic and elastic–plastic sinusoidal surfaces

Rostami

Jackson

2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

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The behavior of regular wavy surfaces in contact is important for the study of rough surface contact, and therefore has applications to the prediction of friction, wear, surface fatigue, and electrical and thermal contact resistance. This work characterizes the average surface separation between a sinusoidal surface and a flat rigid surface as a function of the average contact pressure or load using the finite element method (FEM). The FEM results also agree well with the limiting spherical based solutions at low contact pressures and the other asymptotic solution at high contact pressures. Empirical fits are provided that can approximately predict the average surface separation for both elastic and elastic–plastic sinusoidal contacts over a wide range of material properties. Contact stiffness can also be predicted from surface separation results.

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“…The resolution reaches 0.1 nm in terms of phase measurement [21], and the frequency of data sampling can be higher than 500 kHz. The Abbe error which resulted from the rotating pitch of the disk [22] is in situ compensated by the double interferometers that are symmetrically placed [23]. Both interferometers share the same Wollaston prism, which divides the measurement and reference beams by a very small angle so that the whole system provides strong ability to resist environmental disturbance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A double common-path heterodyne interferometer for the measurement of flying height modulation

Lin

Yue

Song

et al. 2008

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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A double common-path differential heterodyne interferometer is proposed to measure the flying height modulation (FHM) of a slider in a hard disk drive. A transverse Zeeman He–Ne laser is employed as the light source and high-speed phase measurement is applied for signal processing. The resolution and the sampling frequency of FH measurement are 0.1 nm and 500 kHz, respectively. According to the symmetrical optical path design, the environmental noise and Abbe error from the disk can be adaptively compensated. The experimental results show that the stability of the system is sub-nanometer in a normal laboratory without air conditioning, and the FHM of ±3 nm is achieved when the pitch of the rotating disk is around 1.2 µm.

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Effect of hard-disk drive spindle motor vibration on dynamic microwaviness and flying-height modulation

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Nano-scale friction: A review

Nano-scale friction: A review

Predictions of the average surface separation and stiffness between contacting elastic and elastic–plastic sinusoidal surfaces

A double common-path heterodyne interferometer for the measurement of flying height modulation

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