Effect of H<sub>2</sub>S on corrosion in polluted waters: a review

Schorr, M.; Salas, Benjamín Valdéz; Quintero-Núñez, Margarito; Zlatev, Roumen

doi:10.1179/174327806x132204

Cited by 65 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(26 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…25,27,[64][65][66] For a unit cell containing 4 atoms, (2) led to a mixed sulfide. Different further oxidation was observed depending on whether the process was carried out in presence of water (3,4) or in absence of macroscopic amounts of water (5,6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy of Mackinawite FeS in Anodic Iron Sulfide Corrosion Products

Genchev

Erbe

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Raman spectroscopy in a confocal microscope was used to study electrochemically synthesized corrosion products from sour gas experiments. When exposed to oxygen-containing atmosphere, the initial mackinawite FeS corrosion product transformed under laser irradiation to hematite, Fe 2 O 3 . Measurements with a thin water layer on top of the corrosion products prevented the transformation, as drying was prevented. In situ Raman measurements of mackinawite formation avoided the problem of transformation completely. In situ and operando, the initially formed mackinawite showed two Raman peaks in the wavenumber range >180 cm −1 centered around 200-215 cm −1 and 285-300 cm −1 . On an empirical basis, these modes were assigned to a B 1g mode of the iron sublattice and an A 1g mode of the sulfur sublattice, respectively. A comparison with a literature assignment for aged mackinawite suggests that the aging observed involves significant changes in the sulfur sublattice. Corrosion of iron in H 2 S containing solutions is a general problem in crude oil and natural gas production, and is generally referred to as sour corrosion. Aqueous H 2 S solutions promote corrosion of steels, [1][2][3] but the exact nature and mechanisms of corrosion strongly depend on the reaction conditions. 4-7 While the process has been widely investigated for pure iron, [8][9][10][11][12] and carbon steels, [13][14][15][16][17] there is still a lack of understanding of the reaction path and electronic properties of the corrosion products. 18,19The chemistry of the corrosion products formed during H 2 Striggered corrosion is rather complex, as there are many different solids consisting only of iron and sulfur. 20 However, mackinawite has been found to be the initial, 8,21 and probably most important corrosion product, of iron in aqueous sulfide solutions as it was observed in reactions carried out over a wide range of pH and temperature. 11,19,[22][23][24] It possesses a tetragonal, layered crystal structure, [25][26][27] and can be synthesized by precipitation from solutions containing Fe 2+ and S 2− solutions, 28,29 or by reaction of sulfide solution with metallic iron. 19,21,26,30 In the field of microbially induced corrosion, sulfatereducing bacteria are known to transform sulfate compounds into iron sulfides, e.g. mackinawite. [31][32][33][34][35][36] Raman spectroscopy has become an important tool for identification of corrosion products. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] Some major problems may still occur due to laser heating, fluorescence, or low sensitivity as a consequence of the small cross-sections of Raman scattering. However, the fact that glass and water are both very weak Raman scatterers makes this technique suitable for in situ measurements in aqueous environments. 46-48The presence of water has an additional positive effect on the process as it decreases the heating from the laser. The use of (in situ and operando) Raman spectroscopy for study corrosion process studies of iron in sulfide rich environments has been already repor...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy of Mackinawite FeS in Anodic Iron Sulfide Corrosion Products

Genchev

Erbe

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, sulphate ( 2 4 SO − ) can be reduced to sulphide (S 2− ) by SRB leading to the generation of hydrogen sulphide as a metabolic by-product. Both physical and chemical processes transfer hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) across the air and water boundaries to environment where chemoautotrophic bacteria oxidize the sulphide to sulphuric acid [17]. The corrosion process will hence occur by the reaction of the biogenic sulphuric acid with the metallic surfaces [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of High Carbon Steel by Bacteria under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

Nwokorie¹,

Nweke²,

Umeh³

et al. 2019

MSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The role of microbes in the corrosion of metals is due to the chemical activities (metabolism) associated with the microbial growth and reproduction. A lot of researches have shown that enormous loss of resources and even lives has been experienced in many countries of the world due to corrosion. There is therefore need to device a means of combating this menace so as to save different countries of the world including Nigeria the cost encured due to corrosion. This research has helped to determine the role of bacteria in the corrosion of high carbon steel under aerobic and anaerobic conditions was investigated using sulphate reducing bacteria and other aerobes. A sample of high carbon steel grade of chemical composition: 96% iron (Fe), 1.08% carbon (C), 0.349% silicon (Si), 0.841% manganese (Mn), 0.005% phosphorus (P) and 0.005% sulphur (S), was obtained in the form of steel plate. Eighteen (18) samples of the high carbon steel were prepared. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolates. The microbes isolated from the soil included; aerobes (Bacillus species, Pseudomonas species) and anaerobes (Desulfovibrio species, Thiobacillus species).The role of bacteria in the corrosion of high carbon steel was estimated using the weight loss technique and the electrochemical potential measurement technique. Eighteen samples of a high carbon steel of known compositions were exposed to sulphate reducing bacteria under different environments (aerobic, anaerobic and control). The physical and chemical changes were examined and monitored on weekly basis for six weeks. It was observed that the coupons immersed in the media with sulphate reducing bacterium underwent fast activation and numerous corrosion sites were formed on the surfaces. The average corrosion rate for six weeks (42 days) period of time as determined by the weight loss method and electrochemical testing were How to cite this paper: Nwokorie, R.C., 228Materials Sciences and Applications found to be 0.0004595 mm/year, −0.712 mV in aerobic environment, 0.0005646 mm/year, −0728 mV in anaerobic environment and 0.0004458 mm/year, −0702 mV in the control or reference environment (distilled water environment). High carbon steel was found to corrode more only in the anaerobic environment. In view of this, high carbon steels were found to be relatively more corrosion resistant than mild and medium carbon steels and may be suitable for application in industries such as the petrochemical industry. Therefore, treating the environment with chlorine but with caution as solutions of chlorine gas in water is corrosive to steels while the use of bactericides or biocides to arrest the action of microbes is important.

show abstract

“…It has been recognized for decades that environmental factors, such as relative humidity, temperature and H 2 S levels, can affect the concrete corrosion rate (Apgar and Witherspoon, 2007;Islander et al, 1991;Parker, 1951;Rootsey et al, 2012;Wiener et al, 2006). However, research on identifying the effects of key environmental factors on concrete corrosion is still limited due to the very slow progression of concrete corrosion and the difficulties of measuring directly relevant factors under realistic conditions (Romanova et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of fluctuations in gaseous H 2 S concentrations on sulfide uptake by sewer concrete: The effect of high H 2 S loads

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

20The acid production from the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in sewer air results in 21 serious corrosion of exposed concrete surfaces in sewers. Large fluctuations of gaseous H 2 S 22 concentrations occur in sewers due to the diurnal profiles of sewage flow and retention times 23 and the necessity of intermittent pumping of sewage from pressure pipes into gravity pipes. 24How the high concentrations of H 2 S due to these events may affect H 2 S uptake and 25 subsequent corrosion by concrete sewers is largely unknown. This study determined the 26 effect of short-and long-term increases in H 2 S levels on the sulfide uptake rate (SUR) of Additionally, the delay of the corrosion layer to fully recover the SUR after the high H 2 S load 36 suggests that there is a longer-term inhibitive effect of the high H 2 S levels on the activity of 37 the SOB in the corrosion layer. Due to the observed activity reductions, concrete exposed to 38 occasional short-term high H 2 S load periods had an overall lower H 2 S uptake compared to 39 concrete exposed to constant H 2 S levels at the same average concentration. To accurately 40 predict H 2 S uptake by sewer concrete and hence the likely maximum corrosion rates, a 41 correction factor should be adopted for the H 2 S fluctuations when average H 2 S levels are 42 used in the prediction.

show abstract

Effect of H₂S on corrosion in polluted waters: a review

Cited by 65 publications

References 22 publications

Raman Spectroscopy of Mackinawite FeS in Anodic Iron Sulfide Corrosion Products

Raman Spectroscopy of Mackinawite FeS in Anodic Iron Sulfide Corrosion Products

Corrosion of High Carbon Steel by Bacteria under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

Impact of fluctuations in gaseous H 2 S concentrations on sulfide uptake by sewer concrete: The effect of high H 2 S loads

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of H2S on corrosion in polluted waters: a review

Cited by 65 publications

References 22 publications

Raman Spectroscopy of Mackinawite FeS in Anodic Iron Sulfide Corrosion Products

Raman Spectroscopy of Mackinawite FeS in Anodic Iron Sulfide Corrosion Products

Corrosion of High Carbon Steel by Bacteria under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

Impact of fluctuations in gaseous H 2 S concentrations on sulfide uptake by sewer concrete: The effect of high H 2 S loads

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of H₂S on corrosion in polluted waters: a review