Effect of Growth Media, pH and Temperature on Yeast to Hyphal Transition in &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Candida albicans&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

Nadeem, Sayyada Ghufrana; Shafiq, Amna; Hakim, Shazia Tabassum; Anjum, Yasmeen; Kazm, Shahana U.

doi:10.4236/ojmm.2013.33028

Cited by 65 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Inoculation and incubation of the medium was carried out as explained by Nadeem and co-workers [ 15 ]. Each prepared inoculums of C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata were then separately spotted (40.00 μL) on the prepared culture plates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow release anti-fungal skin formulations based on citric acid intercalated layered double hydroxides nanohybrids

Perera

Weerasekera

Kottegoda

2015

Chemistry Central Journal

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BackgroundDuring the past few decades, the occurrence of superficial fungal infections has rapidly increased. As the fungal infections take longer time to get cured, concepts such as designing drugs with extended persistence and controlled release have gained attention. In this context, nanotechnology has been identified as the latest technological revolution which has opened up new pathways for designing new therapeutic materials. Out of the many available nano-structures layered double hydroxides have gained increased scientific attention in applications as slow and controlled release drug formulations. This study focuses on the encapsulation of citric acid which has anti-fungal properties into a Mg-Al- layered double hydroxide (LDH) in order to be used as slow release topical skin formulations.ResultsCitrate ions were encapsulated into Mg-Al LDH using one step co-precipitation reaction. The successful intercalation of citrate ions into the layered structure has been proved referring to the expansion in the interlayer spacing as observed by the shift in the basal peak of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy data suggests the change in the electron density around the carboxylate groups of the citrate ion thus providing evidences for formation of encapsulated hybrid composite. The resulting nanohybrid has been then, introduced into a general body cream formulation containing cocoa-butter. Both citrate LDH and the resulting body cream formulations demonstrated prolonged slow release characteristics up to 8 h in aqueous medium under different pH values (3, 4, and 5) compared to quick and fast release of pure citric acid. It was observed that the slow reelase was most efficient at low pH values. The encapsulation between the nano-layers and citrate ions are the key to the slow release characteristics. The body cream has been tested for the anti-fungal activity against three common Candida species (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis). The novel nanohybrid has shown an improved activity and slow release characteristics up to 48 h against the C. albicans and C. glabrata but not for C. tropicalis.ConclusionThe study confirms that the citrate ion intercalated LDHs have the potential for use in future slow release antifungal drug formulation.Graphical AbstractSlow release nanohybrids based on citrate intercalated layered double hydroxides

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow release anti-fungal skin formulations based on citric acid intercalated layered double hydroxides nanohybrids

Perera

Weerasekera

Kottegoda

2015

Chemistry Central Journal

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“…It is known that the interference on the filamentation process might be related to alteration in the fungal gene expression [52] or to environmental modifications such as temperature, pH and presence of serum [53,54]. Nadeem et al [55] reported that low pH induces low filamentation. Hence, in order to avoid the influence of pH, the treated fungal samples were cultivated into MOPS-buffered RPMI medium (pH 7.0).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet modulates Candida albicans virulence traits

Borges

Nishime

Kostov

et al. 2017

Clinical Plasma Medicine

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The goal of this study was to analyze the effects of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet operated with Helium (He-CAPPJ) on C. albicans virulence traits and biofilms. The study also aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of He-CAPPJ to fibroblasts. Methods: The effective operational parameters of He-CAPPJ against C. albicans SC 5314 were determined. Subinhibitory times of exposure were used to evaluate the effect of He-CAPPJ on morphogenesis (yeast-hyphae transition), adherence to epithelial cells, and exoenzymes production. Cytotoxicity to Vero cells was also assessed by MTT assay. Results: A promising effect of He-CAPPJ on morphogenesis was observed, with an almost 40 times reduction of the filamentation rate comparing to the non-exposed group. He-CAPPJ was able to reduce C. albicans adherence and to decrease fungal biofilm viability. No effect on exoenzymes production was observed. Conclusion: He-CAPPJ was able to attenuate fungal adherence and morphogenesis with low cytotoxicity to fibroblasts. Therefore, He-CAPPJ has potential to be applied as an adjuvant in the treatment of C. albicans superficial infections. Additionally, the ability of C. albicans to develop resistance against antifungals is remarkable [1,2]. Although azoles and polyenes are drugs of choice for the treatment of these infections, they are not always effective [7,8]. Besides, other adverse effects may occur, such as toxicity and interactions with other drugs [9], limiting the number of therapeutic alternatives. For this reason, the search for new antifungal therapies is of utmost importance. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) has emerged as a promising technology in recent years. Due to their low operational cost, absence of residual and toxic emissions and operation at room temperature, cold plasmas have drawn much attention for biomedical applications [10-12]. Among different atmospheric plasma sources, special interest has been driven to cold atmospheric pressure plasma jets (CAPPJs), since plasma plumes can be obtained in open space instead of confined volumes [13]. The plasma plume propagates into the surrounding environment and interacts with air molecules creating

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“…Most grow in a range between 4.0 and 9.0 (neutrophils). For example, Table 3 listed some optimum pH range for tested microorganisms [55][56][57].…”

Section: Effect Of Ph Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Thin Films of Poly(acrylic acid)/Silver Nanocomposite Coatings for Antimicrobial Applications

Fahmy

Eisa

Yosef

et al. 2016

Journal of Spectroscopy

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In this work not only colloids of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) embedded with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) but thin films (10 nm) also were deposited using electrospray deposition technique (ESD). A mixture of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and ascorbic acid (AA) were utilized to reduce the silver ions to generate Ag-NPs in the PAA matrix. Moreover, sodium tricitrate was used to stabilize the prepared colloids. The obtained colloids and films were characterized using UV-visible, transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-Vis results reveal that an absorption peak at 425 nm was observed in presence of PAA-AgNO3-AA-citrate-NaBH4. This peak is attributed to the well-known surface plasmon resonance of the silver bound in Ag-NPs, while the reduction was rendering and/or inhibiting in absence of the AA and citrate. FTIR spectroscopy was used to study the mechanism of the reaction process of silver nitrate with PAA. TEM images showed the well dispersion of Ag-NPs in the PAA matrix with average particle size of 8 nm. The antimicrobial studies showed that the Ag-NPs embedded in the PAA matrix have proven to have a significant antimicrobial activity againstE. coli,B. subtilis, andC. albicans.

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Effect of Growth Media, pH and Temperature on Yeast to Hyphal Transition in <i>Candida albicans</i>

Cited by 65 publications

References 39 publications

Slow release anti-fungal skin formulations based on citric acid intercalated layered double hydroxides nanohybrids

Slow release anti-fungal skin formulations based on citric acid intercalated layered double hydroxides nanohybrids

Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet modulates Candida albicans virulence traits

Ultra-Thin Films of Poly(acrylic acid)/Silver Nanocomposite Coatings for Antimicrobial Applications

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