Effect of ground-cover management on spider mites and their phytoseiid natural enemies in clementine mandarin orchards (II): Top-down regulation mechanisms

Abstract

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Gestión Integrada de la araña roja Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae): optimización de su control biológico en clementinos

“…In this logic, results obtained with F. arundinacea in this study provide at least one plausible explanation for the field results obtained by Aguilar-Fenollosa et al (2011a;2011b) and reassure that F. arundinacea is a cover crop that should be encouraged in citrus orchards. Results showed that the phytoseiids exhibited a similar spatial distribution pattern under different prey densities.…”

“…Thus, not only the phenology of the ground cover (Aguilar-Fenollosa et al 2011b) but also the quality of the food source provided (pollen and others) by this ground cover could have a serious impact on phytoseiid dynamics and abundance, and therefore in pest control. In this logic, results obtained with F. arundinacea in this study provide at least one plausible explanation for the field results obtained by Aguilar-Fenollosa et al (2011a;2011b) and reassure that F. arundinacea is a cover crop that should be encouraged in citrus orchards.…”

“…Different studies on cover crops have proposed the use of some perennial grasses (Poaceae) because they are unsuitable hosts for phytophagous mites (Flexner et al 1991;Alston 1994;Barbosa 1998;Nyrop et al 1998) and specifically for T. urticae in clementine mandarin orchards . Recently, a mono-specific cover of the perennial grass Festuca arundinacea Schreber (Poaceae) has demonstrated to improve the regulation of T. urticae in clementine trees when compared with a wild cover or bare soil, both by reducing the successful settlement of T. urticae in clementine mandarin trees (Aguilar-Fenollosa et al 2011a) and by enhancing the populations of more efficient specialist predators relative to generalist pollen feeder predators (Aguilar-Fenollosa et al 2011b). Furthermore, the use of Euseius stipulatus is an omnivorous predator that can exclusively feed and successfully reproduce on pollen (Ferragut et al 1987;Bouras & Papadoulis 2005) and its role as a biological control agent is limited to some tetranychid species, other than T. urticae, as…”

Efectos de las condiciones abióticas sobre las interacciones entre tres depredadores de Tetranychus urticae con distintos hábitos alimenticios

“…Entre ellos, destacan los ácaros depredadores de la familia de los Phytoseiidae (Mesostigmata) (Abad-Moyano et al, 2009a;Aguilar-Fenollosa et al, 2011b;Aguilar-Fenollosa et al, 2012).…”

“…Es el fitoseido más abundante en los cítricos españoles, tanto en los árboles como en la flora adventicia asociada a los mismos (GarciaMarí et al, 1991;Abad-Moyano et al, 2009a;Aguilar-Fenollosa et al, 2011b). Además, se le considera una especie palinófaga ya que es capaz de sobrevivir alimentándose únicamente de polen e incluso mantenerse a densidades relativamente altas en el cultivo cuando las presas son escasas .…”