Effect of green manuring and mineral fertilizer on growth and yield of crops in rice-based cropping on acid lateritic soil

Sharma, Archana; Mittra, B. N.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600082198

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Yet even after Sesbania, additional fertilizer N was required to realize the full potential productivity of maize. The saving of N through incorporation of residues of grain legumes such as cowpea and greengram was reported to vary from 30-60 kg Nha −1 (Ali 1992;Phoomthaisong et al 2004;Baijukya et al 2005) and 60-120 kg Nha −1 through green manure of Sesbania in cereal crops like rice and maize (Sharma and Mittra 1988;Kaytal 1993;Mahapatra and Sharma 1995;Sharma et al 1998;Sharma and Prasad 1999;Sharma 2005). Besides the direct addition of N through the above-ground biomass, the legumes may enhance the soil available N pool for following crops via root exudates or inefficiencies in recovering soil mineral N during the legume phase, and subsequent decomposition of root and nodule residues (Ghosh and Singh 1994;Chalk 1998;Herridge et al 1995;Ghosh et al 2007).…”

Section: Nitrogen Economy Through Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen contribution through Sesbania green manure and dual-purpose legumes in maize–wheat cropping system: agronomic and economic considerations

Sharma

Behera

2009

Plant Soil

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Green manuring with Sesbania aculeata is a widely investigated practice in cereal-based cropping systems but adoption of this technology is low on farmers' fields because of some practical and economic considerations. Dual-purpose legumes such as cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and greengram (Vigna radiata) providing economic produce as well as stover for incorporation are a viable alternative for effecting N economy and enhancing crop productivity. Direct and residual effects of different legumes along with varying rates of N fertilizer were evaluated on productivity, profitability, N-use efficiency and residual soil fertility in maize-wheat cropping system at New Delhi during 2003-2005. The legumes, viz. cowpea, greengram and Sesbania were grown during summer (April/May to June), followed by maize in rainy season (July to October) at varying rates of N fertilizer, viz. 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha −1 ; and wheat in winter season (November to April) at 0, 60 and 120 kg Nha −1 . Cowpea and greengram produced equal amount of economic produce (1.22-1.27 t ha −1 seed yield equivalent), which added 3.26 t and 2.79 t ha −1 of stover, and 49 kg N and 47 kg Nha −1 respectively into the soil. However, Sesbania accumulated maximum amount of biomass (4.75 t ha −1 dry weight) and N (131 kg N ha −1 ). Growth and yield of maize following summer legumes improved compared with that after fallow, and was maximum after Sesbania, followed by greengram and cowpea. Response of maize to N fertilizer rates was quadratic and there was saving of N to the extent of 57-67 kg ha −1 with Sesbania, and 37-49 kg ha −1 with cowpea and greengram. Wheat also performed better under the residual effect of summer legumes, and showed N economy of 18-23 kg ha −1 after cowpea and greengram, and 27 kg ha −1 after Sesbania. Nitrogen fertilizer applied to maize had only a marginal residual effect and direct N application was necessary to achieve the potential yield of wheat. Apparent recovery of N showed a decreasing trend with summer legumes and increasing rates of N fertilizer. There was significant improvement in soil organic C and KMnO 4 oxidizable N after two cropping cycles with summer legumes. Despite higher yields and large N savings, Sesbania green manuring resulted in lower net returns on par with fallow, while greengram or cowpea followed by maize and wheat were found to be the most profitable cropping systems. It was recommended that cultivation of dual-purpose legumes during summer was a better option than Sesbania green manuring or fallow for improving productivity, profitability, N economy and soil fertility, leading to sustainability of maize-wheat cropping system.

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Section: Nitrogen Economy Through Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen contribution through Sesbania green manure and dual-purpose legumes in maize–wheat cropping system: agronomic and economic considerations

Sharma

Behera

2009

Plant Soil

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“…Higher uptake of 4 to 8 kg N/ha under the green manure treated plots than that from unfertilized control explained the residual effect of the green manures on chickpea. SHARMA and MiTTRA (1988) and LADHA et al (1989) also reported the residual effect of green manures applied to preceding rice on grain yields of succeeding chickpea and wheat crops.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of chemical fertilizer does not diminish the utility of organic sources (CHANG 1975), which are known to maintain soil ferrili-t}' for better rice production (SHARMA and MiTTRA 1991). The high cost of fertilizers and the low purchasing power of peasants also restrict the use of costly fertilizer inputs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Nitrogen Management with Green Manures in Rice‐Chickpea Cropping System

Rathore

Patel

Pali

1993

J Agronomy Crop Science

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A field experiment was conducted during wet and dry seasons of 1987–88 and 1988–89 to evaluate the performance of green manures with and without fertilizer nitrogen in lowland rice and their residual effect on succeeding crop of chickpea grown under rice‐chickpea cropping system. Incorporation of Ipomea carnea (green leaves), Cassia tora and Parthenium hysterophorus (green young plants) ca. 5 t/ha fresh weight significantly improved yield and yield components namely panicles per hill, panicle length, grains per panicle and test weight of transplanted rice. The results showed that at least 20 kg/ha fertilizer nitrogen applied to rice could be replaced by incorporation of 5 t/ha fresh weight green manure. Supplementation of 60 kg N/ha through urea to the green manures treated plots proved to be the best in respect of grain yield and was comparable to the yield obtained under 80 kg N/ha as urea alone. Plant N‐uptake followed the similar pattern of rice grain yield. Residual fertility in terms of available nitrogen increased under the green manure treatments, whereas urea nitrogen alone made no impact on fertility build‐up. Green manures showed significantly higher residual response than fertilizer N alone to seed yield and N uptake of chickpea.

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“…Green manure approaches to crop production may improve economic viability whilst at the same time reducing the environmental impacts of agriculture. Indeed, unlike synthetic N fertilizers, legumes utilized as GM represent a potentially renewable source of on-field, biologically fixed N and may also fix and add large amounts of C to cropping systems (Hargrove 1986;Sharma and Mittra 1988). Among the most widely used temperate legumes often included are those in the genera Trifolium (clovers), Vicia (vetches), Medicago (alfalfa and other medics) and Lupinus (lupins).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop rotation associating a legume and the nickel hyperaccumulator Alyssum murale improves the structure and biofunctioning of an ultramafic soil

Saad

Kobaissi

Machinet

et al. 2017

Ecological Research

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Nickel (Ni) agromining aims to phytoextract heavy metals using hyperaccumulators whilst at the same time rehabilitating ultramafic soils. After removing the bioavailable metal, ultramafic soils are improved in terms of their agronomic properties with the aim of future agricultural uses. The low fertility of ultramafic soils can be compensated by integrating legumes already used in traditional agro‐systems because of their importance in soil nitrogen enrichment. However, few studies have evaluated the potential profits of legumes on Ni agromining and their potential benefits on soil biological fertility. Here, we characterized the effect of a crop rotation with two plants, a legume (Vicia sativa) and a hyperaccumulator (Alyssum murale), on the phytoextraction efficiency and on soil structure and biofunctioning. A pot experiment was set up in controlled conditions to grow A. murale and four treatments were tested: rotation with V. sativa (Ro), fertilized mono‐culture (FMo), non‐fertilized mono‐culture (NFMo) and bare soil without plants (BS). No significant difference was found between the Ro and NFMo treatments for the dry biomass yield. However, the Ro treatment showed the highest Ni concentrations ([Ni]) in A. murale shoots compared to FMo and NFMo treatments. The Ro treatment plants had more than twice as many leaves [Ni] compared to FMo. Soil physico‐chemical analyses showed that the Ro treatment was better structured and showed the highest presence of bacterial micro‐aggregates, as well as less non‐aggregated particles. Legumes integration in Ni‐agromining systems could be a pioneering strategy to reduce chemical inputs and to improve soil biofunctioning and thus fertility.

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Effect of green manuring and mineral fertilizer on growth and yield of crops in rice-based cropping on acid lateritic soil

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Nitrogen contribution through Sesbania green manure and dual-purpose legumes in maize–wheat cropping system: agronomic and economic considerations

Nitrogen contribution through Sesbania green manure and dual-purpose legumes in maize–wheat cropping system: agronomic and economic considerations

Integrated Nitrogen Management with Green Manures in Rice‐Chickpea Cropping System

Crop rotation associating a legume and the nickel hyperaccumulator Alyssum murale improves the structure and biofunctioning of an ultramafic soil

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